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Summary: High-Resolution Computed
Tomography Study of the Cranium of
a Fossil Anthropoid Primate,
Parapithecus grangeri: New Insights
Into the Evolutionary History of
Primate Sensory Systems
ELIOT C. BUSH, 1
* ELWYN L. SIMONS, 2
AND JOHN M. ALLMAN 1
1
Biology Division, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
2
Department of Biological Anthropology and Anatomy, Duke University and Duke
University Primate Center, Durham, North Carolina
ABSTRACT
Extant anthropoids have large brains, small olfactory bulbs, and high-
acuity vision compared with other primates. The relative timing of the
evolution of these characteristics may have important implications for brain
evolution. Here computed tomography is used to examine the cranium of a
fossil anthropoid, Parapithecus grangeri. It is found that P. grangeri had a
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