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Summary: 38
Energy consumption has become an
important issue in the design of battery-oper-
ated mobile devices and sophisticated data
centers.1
The storage hierarchy, which
includes memory and disks, is a major ener-
gy consumer in such systems, especially for
high-end servers at data centers.2-4
Indeed,
recent measurements from IBM server sys-
tems show that memory can consume 50 per-
cent more power than processors,5
and a
recent industry report shows that storage
devices account for nearly 27 percent of a data
center's total energy consumption.6
Low power modes are one way to reduce
energy consumption. Modern memory such as
RDRAM (www.rambus.com) lets an individ-
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