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Summary: The UNIX Time-
Sharing System
Dennis M. Ritchie and Ken Thompson
Bell Laboratories
UNIX is a general-purpose, multi-user, interactive
operating system for the Digital Equipment Corporation
PDP-11/40 and 11/45 computers. It offers a number of
features seldom found even in larger operating systems,
including: (1) a hierarchical file system incorporating
demountable volumes; (2) compatible file, device, and
inter-process I/O; (3) the ability to initiate asynchronous
processes; (4) system command language selectable on a
per-user basis; and (5) over 100 subsystems including a
dozen languages. This paper discusses the nature and
implementation of the file system and of the user
command interface.
Key Words and Phrases: time-sharing, operating
system, file system, command language, PDP-11
CR Categories: 4.30, 4.32
1. Introduction
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