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Summary: Image © iStockphoto.com/Mark Jensen
Breathing Easily
Simulation of airflow in human noses can
become a useful rhinosurgery planning tool.
By Alexander Steinmann and Peter Bartsch, CFX Berlin Software GmbH[1] , Berlin, Germany
Stefan Zachow, Zuse Institute Berlin (ZIB), Medical Planning[2], Berlin, Germany
Thomas Hildebrandt, Asklepios Clinic Birkenwerder[3], Birkenwerder, Germany
A requirement for normal breathing
through the nose is an undisturbed
passage through the nasal airways. If
this condition is not fulfilled due to any
obstruction or deformation, surgical
correction of the nasal airways might
be required. Rhinosurgery is a recon-
structive surgical approach that
reshapes the nose and/or nasal struc-
ture and often is used to correct birth
defects or other breathing problems.
To understand the effects of nasal
anatomy on normal breathing, a team
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