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Summary: insight review articles
NATURE | VOL 415 | 10 JANUARY 2002 | www.nature.com 227
C
ongestive heart failure (CHF) resulting from
cardiomyopathy is a serious malady and a
principal cause of death and disability in
children and adults. This disorder is the most
common disease that leads to heart transplant,
with an associated healthcare cost in the United States of
roughly US$200 million per year1
. Cardiomyopathies
are classified into four forms: dilated, hypertrophic,
restrictive and arrhythmogenic right ventricular
dysplasia/cardiomyopathy. Restrictive cardiomyopathy is
the rarest form, accounting for only 5% of the total2
, but
has the worst prognosis and poorest therapeutic options of
all the cardiomyopathies3
. Arrhythmogenic right
ventricular dysplasia is a complex arrhythmogenic disorder
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