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Summary: Fitness Distance Correlation Analysis:
An Instructive Counterexample
Lee Altenberg
Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology
University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI USA 96822
WWW: http://pueo.mhpcc.edu/ ” altenber/
c
fl1997 by Lee Altenberg. Expanded from the version in Baeck, T. ed., Proceedings of the
Seventh International Conference on Genetic Algorithms (ICGA97), Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco, CA.
Fitness distance correlation (FDC) has been of
fered as a summary statistic with apparent suc
cess in predicting the performance of genetic al
gorithms for global optimization. Here, a coun
terexample to Hammingdistance based FDC is
examined for what it reveals about how GAs
work. The counterexample is a fitness func
tion that is `GAeasy' for global optimization,
but which shows no relationship between fitness
and Hamming distance from the global optimum.
Fitness is a function that declines with the number
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