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Summary: Ultrasonic Doppler velocimetry in liquid gallium
Daniel Brito, Henri-Claude Nataf, Philippe Cardin
Julien Aubert, Jean-Paul Masson
Abstract For the ®rst time, ¯ow velocity is measured in a
vortex of liquid gallium, using the pulsed Doppler shift
ultrasonic method. At the top of a copper cylinder ®lled
with liquid gallium, we spin a disk and create a turbulent
vortex with a dominant nearly axisymmetric velocity ®eld
with little variation in the axial direction. The velocity
pro®les are shown to be well resolved and in quantitative
agreement with earlier observations. Reliable velocity
measurements in liquid gallium could be obtained only
after serious problems due to the formation of oxides were
solved. This work opens the way to performing accurate
velocity measurements in other liquid metals; preliminary
results for liquid sodium are shown.
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Introduction
A wealth of optical methods is available to visualize or
measure ¯ows in transparent liquids. These methods
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