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Summary: TRENDS IN COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY AND NEUROBIOLOGY
Timing of the Functional Diversification
of - and -Adrenoceptors in Fish
and Other Vertebrates
S. Aris-Brosou,a,b
X. Chen,a
S. F. Perry,a
and T. W. Moona
a
Department of Biology and Centre for Advanced Research in Environmental Genomics,
and b
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa,
Ontario, Canada
Adrenoceptors (ARs) are G proteincoupled receptors found throughout the vertebrates.
Their pharmacology and preliminary phylogenetic analyses suggest that ARs are clas-
sified as 1, 2 (and their subtypes), and 1, 2, and 3. However, the relationships among
subtypes of this superfamily, as well as both the pattern and the timing of their diversi-
fication, are poorly understood. In addition, fish AR subtypes possess pharmacologies
and tissue distributions that only partially overlap with those of their mammalian coun-
terparts, in spite of their apparent orthologous relationships within subtypes. Here we
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