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Summary: 1
Influence of Cryogen Spray Cooling Parameters on the Heat
Extraction Rate from a Sprayed Surface
Emil Karapetiana
, Guillermo Aguilarb,c
, Enrique J. Laverniaa,b
and J. Stuart Nelsonb,c
a
Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Sciences, UC, Irvine, CA 92697
b
Center for Biomedical Engineering, UC, Irvine, CA 92612
c
Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, UC, Irvine, CA 92612
ABSTRACT
Cryogen spray cooling is used to prevent epidermal thermal damage during port-wine stain laser therapy, despite the
limited understanding of the fluid dynamics, thermodynamics, and heat transfer characteristics of cryogen sprays. In
recent studies, it has been suggested that the heat flux through human skin could be increased by changing physical
parameters such as nozzle-to-skin distance, nozzle diameter, and/or by depositing cryogen in sequential spurts.
These changes affect spray parameters such as droplet diameter, velocity, and spray temperature. Therefore, in
order to optimize new nozzle designs, it is necessary to explore the influence that these fundamental spray
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