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Summary: APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, May 2007, p. 28472853 Vol. 73, No. 9
0099-2240/07/$08.00 0 doi:10.1128/AEM.02574-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Influence of Vitamin B12 and Cocultures on the Growth of
Dehalococcoides Isolates in Defined Medium
Jianzhong He,1
Victor F. Holmes,1
Patrick K. H. Lee,1
and Lisa Alvarez-Cohen1,2
*
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1710,1
and
Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 947202
Received 4 November 2006/Accepted 21 February 2007
Bacteria belonging to the genus Dehalococcoides play a key role in the complete detoxification of
chloroethenes as these organisms are the only microbes known to be capable of dechlorination beyond
dichloroethenes to vinyl chloride (VC) and ethene. However, Dehalococcoides strains usually grow slowly
with a doubling time of 1 to 2 days and have complex nutritional requirements. Here we describe the
growth of Dehalococcoides ethenogenes 195 in a defined mineral salts medium, improved growth of strain
195 when the medium was amended with high concentrations of vitamin B12, and a strategy for main-
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