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Summary: Colloquium
Pseudomonas syringae Hrp type III secretion system
and effector proteins
Alan Collmer*
, Jorge L. Badel*, Amy O. Charkowski
, Wen-Ling Deng*, Derrick E. Fouts*, Adela R. Ramos*,
Amos H. Rehm*, Deborah M. Anderson§
, Olaf Schneewind§
, Karin van Dijk¶
, and James R. Alfano¶
*Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-4203; United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service,
Western Regional Research Center, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710; §Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California School
of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095; and ¶Department of Biological Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4004
Pseudomonas syringae is a member of an important group of
Gram-negative bacterial pathogens of plants and animals that
depend on a type III secretion system to inject virulence effector
proteins into host cells. In P. syringae, hrp hrc genes encode the
Hrp (type III secretion) system, and avirulence (avr) and Hrp-
dependent outer protein (hop) genes encode effector proteins. The
hrp hrc genes of P. syringae pv syringae 61, P. syringae pv syringae
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