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Summary: IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 18, NO. 4, APRIL 2008 497
Robust Lossless Image Data Hiding Designed for
Semi-Fragile Image Authentication
Zhicheng Ni, Yun Q. Shi, Fellow, IEEE, Nirwan Ansari, Senior Member, IEEE, Wei Su, Senior Member, IEEE,
Qibin Sun, and Xiao Lin, Senior Member, IEEE
Abstract--Recently, among various data hiding techniques, a
new subset, lossless data hiding, has received increasing interest.
Most of the existing lossless data hiding algorithms are, however,
fragile in the sense that the hidden data cannot be extracted out
correctly after compression or other incidental alteration has
been applied to the stego-image. The only existing semi-fragile
(referred to as robust in this paper) lossless data hiding technique,
which is robust against high-quality JPEG compression, is based
on modulo-256 addition to achieve losslessness. In this paper, we
first point out that this technique has suffered from the annoying
salt-and-pepper noise caused by using modulo-256 addition to pre-
vent overflow/underflow. We then propose a novel robust lossless
data hiding technique, which does not generate salt-and-pepper
noise. By identifying a robust statistical quantity based on the
patchwork theory and employing it to embed data, differentiating
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