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Summary: The Evolution of Dispersal in Random Environments and
The Principle of Partial Control
Lee Altenberg
altenber@hawaii.edu
Abstract
McNamara and Dall (2011) identified novel relationships
between the abundance of a species in different environ-
ments, the temporal properties of environmental change,
and selection for or against dispersal. Here, the mathemat-
ics underlying these relationships in their two-environment
model are investigated for arbitrary numbers of environ-
ments. The effect they described is quantified as the
fitness-abundance covariance. The phase in the life cycle
where the population is censused is crucial for the impli-
cations of the fitness-abundance covariance. These rela-
tionships are shown to connect to the population genetics
literature on the Reduction Principle for the evolution of
genetic systems and migration. Conditions that produce
selection for increased unconditional dispersal are found to
be new instances of departures from reduction described
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