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Threedimensional charge structure of a mountain thunderstorm
William W. Hager,1
Beyza Caliskan Aslan,2
Richard G. Sonnenfeld,3
Timothy D. Crum,4
John D. Battles,5
Michael T. Holborn,6
and Ruth Ron6
Received 23 September 2009; revised 1 December 2009; accepted 20 January 2010; published 23 June 2010.
[1] Lightning charge transport is analyzed for a thunderstorm which occurred on
18 August 2004 near Langmuir Laboratory in New Mexico. The analysis employs wide
band measurements of the electric field by a balloonborne electric field sonde or Esonde,
simultaneous Lightning Mapping Array measurements of VHF pulses emitted during
lightning breakdown, and Next Generation Weather Radar data. The thunderstorm was
composed of two principal updrafts. In the stronger updraft the positively charged particles
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