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Summary: arXiv:1110.5749v1[hep-lat]26Oct2011
Complex Langevin dynamics: criteria for
correctness
Gert Aarts
Department of Physics, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
E-mail: g.aarts@swan.ac.uk
Frank A. James
Department of Physics, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
E-mail: pyfj@swan.ac.uk
Erhard Seiler
Max-Planck-Institut für Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut), München, Germany
E-mail: ehs@mppmu.mpg.de
Ion-Olimpiu Stamatescu
Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Heidelberg and FEST, Heidelberg, Germany
E-mail: I.O.Stamatescu@thphys.uni-heidelberg.de
The complex Langevin method is a leading candidate for solving the sign problem occurring in
various physical situations, notably QCD at finite chemical potential. Its most vexing problem is
`convergence to the wrong limit', where the simulation gives a well defined, but incorrect, result.
Here, we first outline a formal justification of the method and identify points at which it might
fail. From these we derive a condition that must be satisfied in order for correct results to be
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