Bibliographic Citation
| Document | For copies of Journal Articles, please contact the Publisher or your local public or university library and refer to the information in the Resource Relation field. For copies of other documents, please see the Availability, Publisher, Research Organization, Resource Relation and/or Author (affiliation information) fields and/or Document Availability. |
|---|---|
| Title | Effects of wind shift and cross-plume concentration models on calculated accident consequences. [Effects on calculation of early and late cancer fatalities] |
| Creator/Author | Schueckler, M. ; Aldrich, D. ; Bayer, A. |
| Publication Date | 1979 Jan 01 |
| OSTI Identifier | OSTI ID: 6254677 |
| Report Number(s) | SAND-78-2075C; CONF-790519-2 |
| DOE Contract Number | EY-76-C-04-0789 |
| Resource Type | Conference |
| Specific Type | Technical Report |
| Resource Relation | Conference: European nuclear conference, Hamburg, F.R. Germany, 6 May 1979 |
| Research Org | Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe G.m.b.H. (Germany, F.R.); Sandia Labs., Albuquerque, NM (USA) |
| Subject | 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; 22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS; 63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.; CARCINOGENESIS; RISK ASSESSMENT; EARTH ATMOSPHERE; RADIOACTIVE AEROSOLS; ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; HUMAN POPULATIONS; DELAYED RADIATION EFFECTS; EARLY RADIATION EFFECTS; REACTOR ACCIDENTS; FISSION PRODUCT RELEASE; DIFFUSION; DOSIMETRY; FORECASTING; PLUMES; WIND; ACCIDENTS; AEROSOLS; BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS; BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS; COLLOIDS; DISPERSIONS; MASS TRANSFER; PATHOGENESIS; POPULATIONS; RADIATION EFFECTS; SOLS |
| Description/Abstract | The dispersion of released atmospheric contaminants is normally treated using a Gaussian plume model. To simplify this treatment, the U.S. Reactor Safety Study (RSS) replaced the Gaussian cross-plume shape with a uniform, or top-hat, distribution. This simplification has two effects on the calculation of accident consequences. First, consequences calculated using the top-hat are limited to the assumed width of the distribution, whereas in actuality they might occur over either wider, or narrower, areas. Second, all persons affected by the plume at a given distance are exposed to the same average radionuclide concentrations, rather than the distribution from 0 to some peak value. To improve upon the top-hat treatment, a cross-plume concentration distribution with four distinct concentration steps was used in phase A of the German RSS. Using the phase A German RSS consequence model, a series of reactor accident consequence calculations was performed using eight different cross-plume concentration models. The results of these calculations are compared and discussed. To account for hourly wind direction changes a wind shift model has been proposed for use in the German RSS. The effects of this model on calculated accident consequences are also discussed. From the discussions, the following conclusions can be drawn: (1) the U.S. top-hat distribution overestimates early fatalities andslightly underestimates latent cancer fatalities; (2) for the calculation of latent cancer fatalities, a top-hat distribution with outer distances y/delta/sub y/ = 2 (width = 4delta/sub y/) is adequate; (3) for the calculation of early fatalities, a 2-step distribution with outer distances y/delta/sub y/ = (1.0, 2.0) might be adequate; and (4) use of the proposed wind shift model results in a moderate reduction in calculated early fatalities for releases of long duration. (ERB) |
| Country of Publication | United States |
| Language | English |
| Format | Medium: X; Size: Pages: 9 |
| Availability | Dep. NTIS, PC A02/MF A01. |
| System Entry Date | 2008 Feb 07 |
Top | |