Bibliographic Citation
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| Title | Comparison between continuous stirred tank reactor extractor and soxhlet extractor for extraction of El-Lajjun oil shale |
| Creator/Author | Anabtawi, M.Z. [Univ. of Bahrain, Isa Town (Bahrain)] |
| Publication Date | 1996 Feb 01 |
| OSTI Identifier | OSTI ID: 379287 |
| Other Number(s) | Journal ID: SSTEDS; ISSN 0149-6395; TRN: TRN: 96:004426-0002 |
| Resource Type | Journal Article |
| Resource Relation | Journal Name: Separation Science and Technology; Journal Volume: 31; Journal Issue: 3; Other Information: PBD: Feb 1996 |
| Subject | 04 OIL SHALES AND TAR SANDS; OIL SHALES; EXTRACTION; BITUMENS; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; DISTILLATION |
| Description/Abstract | Extraction on El-Lajjun oil shale in a continuous stirred tank reactor extractor (CSTRE) and a Soxhlet extractor was carried out using toluene and chloroform as solvents. Solvents were recovered using two distillation stages, a simple distillation followed by a fractional distillation. Gas chromotography was used to test for the existence of trapped solvent in the yield. It was found that extraction using a CSTRE gave a 12% increase in yield on average compared with the Soxhlet extractor, and an optimum shale size of 1.0mm offered a better yield and solvent recovery for both techniques. It was also found that an optimum ratio of solvent to oil shale of 2:1 gave the best oil yield. The Soxhlet extractor was found to offer an extraction rate of 1 hour to complete extraction compared with 4 hours in a CSTRE. The yield in a CSTRE was found to increase on increase of stirring. When extraction was carried out at the boiling point of the solvents in a CSTRE, the yield was found to increase by 30% on average compared to that of extraction when the solvent was at room temperature. When toluene was used for extraction, the average amount of bitumen extracted was 0.032 g/g of oil shale and 76.4% of the solvent recovered, compared with 0.037 g/g of oil shale and 84.1% of the solvent recovered using a Soxhlet extractor. |
| Country of Publication | United States |
| Language | English |
| Format | Medium: X; Size: pp. 413-422 |
| System Entry Date | 2008 Feb 04 |
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Last Updated: 11/19/2009