4258022 ZA 256065 1973-04-25 Briggs, G.G. Originating Research Org. not identified None N50220* --Metals, Ceramics, & Other Materials--Metals & Alloys--Preparation & Fabrication; N40240 --Chemistry--Inorganic, Organic, & Physical Chemistry--Feed Materials Processing to United States Atomic Energy Commission 5824313 US 3378416 1968-04-16 Perry, D.D.; Fein, M.M.; Schoenfelder, C.W. None Not Available None 45 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, WEAPONRY, AND NATIONAL DEFENSE; 02 PETROLEUM 450100* -- Military Technology, Weaponry, & National Defense-- Chemical Explosions & Explosives; 020300 -- Petroleum-- Drilling & Production US Atomic Energy Comm. This is a technique of preparing explosive compositions by the in-situ reaction of polynitroaliphatic compounds with one or more carboranes or carborane derivatives. One or more polynitroaliphatic reactants are combined with one or more carborane reactants in a suitable container and mixed to a homogeneous reaction mixture using a stream of inert gas or conventional mixing means. Ordinarily the container is a fissure, crack, or crevice in which the explosive is to be implanted. The ratio of reactants will determine not only the stoichiometry of the system, but will effect the quality and quantity of combustion products, the explosive force obtained as well as the impact sensitivity. The test values can shift with even relatively slight changes or modifications in the reaction conditions. Eighteen illustrative examples accompany the disclosure. (46 claims) 5863870 US 3559409 1971-02-02 Johnson, W.H. None Not Available None 03 NATURAL GAS 035000* -- Natural Gas-- Storage-- (1989-) US Atomic Energy Comm A method is described for constructing a lined underground cavity. The process includes the steps of securing a casing in a borehole by grouting, underreaming the casing, filling the underreamed region with additional grouting, and then drilling through and underreaming the added grouting, thereby forming a room having a lining formed of the grouting. By using a structurally strong grouting that is impervious to water, the resulting room is waterproof and is suitable for on-site storage of an atomic device and its associated equipment prior to an underground atomic event. Such cavities also have other uses; for example, the cavities may be made very deep and used for storage of various fluids such as natural gas storage. (5 claims) 6305530 US 3627041 1971-12-14 Heckman, R.A. None Not Available None 02 PETROLEUM 020300* -- Petroleum-- Drilling & Production Atomic Energy Commission Nuclear explosions have been proposed as a means for recovering gas from underground gas-bearing rock formations. In present practice, the nuclear device is positioned at the end of a long pipe which is subsequently filled with grout or concrete. After the device is exploded, the grout is drilled through to provide a flow path for the released gas to the ground surface. As settled grout is brittle, often the compressive shock of the explosion fractures the grout and deforms the pipe so that it may not be removed nor reused. In addition, the pipe is sometimes pinched off completely and the gas flow is totally obstructed. (2 claims) 7147546 US 4291865; A 1981-09-29 PPN: US 6-142785 Grundy, B.R. None Not Available EY-76-C-02-3045 42 ENGINEERING 420200* -- Engineering-- Facilities, Equipment, & Techniques Westinghouse Electric Corp., Pittsburgh, PA (United States) The radial cold trap comprises a housing having a plurality of mesh bands disposed therein. The mesh bands comprise concentrically arranged bands of mesh with the mesh specific surface area of each band increasing from the outermost mesh band to the innermost mesh band. An inlet nozzle is attached to the outside section of the housing while an outlet nozzle is attached to the inner portion of the housing so as to be concentrically connected to the innermost mesh band. An inlet baffle having orifices therein may be disposed around the outermost mesh band and within the housing for directing the flow of the fluid from the inlet nozzle to the outermost mesh band in a uniform manner. The flow of fluid passes through each consecutive mesh band and into the outlet nozzle. The circular pattern of the symmetrically arranged mesh packing allows for better utilization of the entire cold trap volume. 2 figs. 7153912 US 4335268; A 1982-06-15 PPN: US 6-206753 Dale, S.J. None Not Available ET-78-C-01-3029 24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION 240301* -- Power Transmission Lines & Cables-- Power Cables-- (1990-) Westinghouse Electric Corp., Pittsburgh, PA (United States) A gas-insulated transmission line includes an outer sheath, an inner conductor within the outer sheath, insulating supports supporting the inner conductor within the outer sheath, and an insulating gas electrically insulating the inner conductor from the outer sheath. An apertured particle trapping electrode is disposed within the outer sheath, and the electrode has a pair of dielectric members secured at each longitudinal end thereof, with the dielectric members extending outwardly from the apertured electrode. 7 figs. 7345953 None 1975-06-03 Moore, S.W. None Not Available None 14 SOLAR ENERGY 141000* -- Solar Collectors & Concentrators Energy Research and Development Administration Herein is disclosed a flate plate solar heat collector unit. The solar collector is integrated as a structural unit so that the collector also functions as the building roof. The functions of efficient heat collection, liquid coolant flow passages, roof structural support, and building insulation are combined into one unit. 27688 US RE 32,843/E/ 1989-01-24 PAN: US patent application 6-847,961 Wei, G.C. Union Carbide Corporation W-7405-ENG-26 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc., Oak Ridge, TN (United States) The present invention is directed to the fabrication of ceramic composites which possess improved mechanical properties especially increased fracture toughness. In the formation of these ceramic composites, the single crystal SiC whiskers are mixed with fine ceramic powders of a ceramic material such as Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}, mullite, or B{sub 4}C. The mixtures which contain a homogeneous dispersion of the SiC whiskers are hot pressed at pressures in a range of about 28 to 70 MPa and temperatures in the range of about 1,600 to 1,950 C with pressing times varying from about 0.75 to 2.5 hours. The resulting ceramic composites show an increase in fracture toughness which represents as much as a two-fold increase over that of the matrix material. 27691 US 5,397,737/A/ 1995-03-14 PAN: US patent application 8-253,840 Mahan, A.H.; Carapella, J.C.; Gallagher, A.C. Midwest Research Institute; National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO; Solar Energy Research Institute United States Department of Energy AC02-83CH10093 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE ;14 SOLAR ENERGY Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (United States) A high quality, low hydrogen content, hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) film is deposited by passing a stream of silane gas (SiH{sub 4}) over a high temperature, 2,000 C, tungsten (W) filament in the proximity of a high temperature, 400 C, substrate within a low pressure, 8 mTorr, deposition chamber. The silane gas is decomposed into atomic hydrogen and silicon, which in turn collides preferably not more than 20--30 times before being deposited on the hot substrate. The hydrogenated amorphous silicon films thus produced have only about one atomic percent hydrogen, yet have device quality electrical, chemical, and structural properties, despite this lowered hydrogen content. 7 figs. 27692 US 5,397,661/A/ 1995-03-14 PAN: US patent application 8-179,924 Kaun, T.D. University of Chicago W-31109-ENG-38 25 ENERGY STORAGE Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States) A compact, hermetic feedthrough apparatus is described comprising interfitting sleeve portions constructed of chemically-stable materials to permit unique battery designs and increase battery life and performance. 8 figs. 27694 US 5,397,001/A/ 1995-03-14 PAN: US patent application 7-982,890 Yoon, R.H.; Adel, G.T.; Luttrell, G.H. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University FG22-83PC60806 01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ., Blacksburg, VA (United States); Virginia Tech Intellectual Property, Inc., Blacksburg, VA (United States) An apparatus is disclosed for the microbubble flotation separation of very fine and coarse particles, especially coal, and minerals so as to produce high purity and high recovery efficiency. This is accomplished through the use of a flotation column, microbubbles, recycling of the flotation pulp, and countercurrent wash water to gently wash the froth. Also disclosed are unique processes and apparatus for generating microbubbles for flotation in a highly efficient and inexpensive manner using either a porous tube or in-line static generators. 14 figs. 27695 US 5,396,075/A/ 1995-03-07 PAN: US patent application 8-097,190 Kaufman, E.N. Lockheed Martin Energy Syst Inc AC05-84OR21400 40 CHEMISTRY Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (United States) A method is described for the in situ characterization of a medium of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase, including the steps of adding a fluorescent dye to one phase capable of producing fluorescence therein when the fluorescent dye is optically excited, optically exciting the fluorescent dye at a wavelength to produce fluorescence in the one phase, and monitoring the fluorescence to distinguish the continuous phase from the dispersed phase. 2 figs. 27697 US 5,395,805/A/ 1995-03-07 PAN: US patent application 8-036,997 Droege, M.W.; Coronado, P.R.; Hair, L.M. University of California W-7405-ENG-48 40 CHEMISTRY ;36 MATERIALS SCIENCE Univ. of California, Oakland, CA (United States) Transparent, monolithic metal oxide aerogels of varying densities are produced using a method in which a metal alkoxide solution and a catalyst solution are prepared separately and reacted. The resulting hydrolyzed-condensed colloidal solution is gelled, and the wet gel is contained within a sealed, but gas permeable, containment vessel during supercritical extraction of the solvent. The present invention is especially advantageous for making metal oxides other than silica that are prone to forming opaque, cracked aerogels. 6 figs. 27698 US 5,395,644/A/ 1995-03-07 PAN: US patent application 8-100,883 Affinito, J.D. Battelle Memorial Institute AC06-76RL01830 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE Battelle Memorial Inst., Richland, WA (United States) The present invention is the formation of solid polymer layers under vacuum. More specifically, the present invention is the use of ``standard`` polymer layer-making equipment that is generally used in an atmospheric environment in a vacuum, and degassing the monomer material prior to injection into the vacuum. Additional layers of polymer or metal or oxide may be vacuum deposited onto solid polymer layers. Formation of polymer layers under a vacuum improves material and surface characteristics, and subsequent quality of bonding to additional layers. Further advantages include use of less to no photoinitiator for curing, faster curing, fewer impurities in the polymer electrolyte, as well as improvement in material properties including no trapped gas resulting in greater density, and reduced monomer wetting angle that facilitates spreading of the monomer and provides a smoother finished surface. 27699 US 5,395,532/A/ 1995-03-07 PAN: US patent application 8-098,920 Chaiko, D.J. University of Chicago W-31109-ENG-38 32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION ;54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (United States) A liquid-liquid extraction method for removing metals and hydrous metal colloids from waste streams is provided wherein said waste streams are contacted with a solvent system containing a water-in-oil microemulsion wherein the inverted micelles contain the extracted metal. A silicon alkoxide, either alone or in combination with other metal alkoxide compounds is added to the water-in-oil microemulsion, thereby allowing encapsulation of the extracted metal within a silicon oxide network. Lastly, the now-encapsulated metal is precipitated from the water-in-oil microemulsion phase to yield aggregates of metal-silicate particles having average individual particle sizes of approximately 40 nanometers. 2 figs. 27701 US 5,393,797/A/ 1995-02-28 PAN: US patent application 8-259,205 Hedstrand, D.M.; Tomalia, D.A. University of California W-7405-ENG-48 40 CHEMISTRY Dow Chemical Co., Midland, MI (United States) A small cell foam having a modified dense star polymer or dendrimer is described. This modified dense star polymer or dendrimer has a highly branched interior of one monomeric composition and an exterior structure of a different monomeric composition capable of providing a hydrophobic outer shell and a particle diameter of from about 5 to about 1,000 nm with a matrix polymer. 27702 US 5,393,795/A/ 1995-02-28 PAN: US patent application 8-259,089 Hedstrand, D.M.; Tomalia, D.A. University of California W-7405-ENG-48 40 CHEMISTRY Dow Chemical Co., Midland, MI (United States) Dense star polymers or dendrimers, modified by capping with a hydrophobic group capable of providing a hydrophobic outer shell, act as molecular nucleating agents in forming a polymer blend. 27703 US 5,393,619/A/ 1995-02-28 PAN: US patent application 8-229,239 Mayer, S.T.; Feikert, J.H.; Kachmitter, J.L.; Pekala, R.W. University of California W-7405-ENG-48 25 ENERGY STORAGE ;30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION Univ. of California, Oakland, CA (United States) An improved multi-cell electrochemical energy storage device is described, such as a battery, fuel cell, or double layer capacitor using a cell separator which allows cells to be stacked and interconnected with low electrical resistance and high reliability while maximizing packaging efficiency. By adding repeating cells, higher voltages can be obtained. The cell separator is formed by applying an organic adhesive on opposing surfaces of adjacent carbon electrodes or surfaces of aerogel electrodes of a pair of adjacent cells prior to or after pyrolysis thereof to form carbon aerogel electrodes. The cell separator is electronically conductive, but ionically isolating, preventing an electrolytic conduction path between adjacent cells in the stack. 2 figs. 27704 US 5,392,946/A/ 1995-02-28 PAN: US patent application 8-068,023 Holbrook, R.H.; Keener, W.E. Lockheed Martin Energy Syst Inc AC05-84OR21400 42 ENGINEERING NOT INCLUDED IN OTHER CATEGORIES;05 NUCLEAR FUELS Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc., Oak Ridge, TN (United States) A container for low level waste includes a shell and a lid. The lid has a frame to which a planar member is welded. The lid frame includes a rectangular outer portion made of square metal tubing, a longitudinal beam extending between axial ends of the rectangular outer portion, and a transverse beam extending between opposite lateral sides of the rectangular outer portion. Two pairs of diagonal braces extend between the longitudinal beam and the four corners of the rectangular outer portion of the frame. 6 figs. 27706 US 5,391,887/A/ 1995-02-21 PAN: US patent application 8-016,990 Murray, H. Jr. Princeton University AC02-76CH03073 05 NUCLEAR FUELS Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ (United States); British Technology Group USA, Gulph Mills, PA (United States) A container for storing hazardous waste material, particularly radioactive waste material, consists of a cylindrical body and lid of precipitation hardened C17510 beryllium-copper alloy, and a channel formed between the mated lid and body for receiving weld filler material of C17200 copper-beryllium alloy. The weld filler material has a precipitation hardening temperature lower than the aging kinetic temperature of the material of the body and lid, whereby the weld filler material is post weld heat treated for obtaining a weld having substantially the same physical, thermal, and electrical characteristics as the material of the body and lid. A mechanical seal assembly is located between an interior shoulder of the body and the bottom of the lid for providing a vacuum seal. 40 figs. 27707 US 5,391,440/A/ 1995-02-21 PAN: US patent application 8-195,335 Kuo, L.J.H.; Vora, S.D. Westinghouse Electric Corporation FC21-91MC28055 30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION Westinghouse Electric Corp., Pittsburgh, PA (United States) A dense, substantially gas-tight, electrically conductive interconnection layer is formed on an electrode structure of an electrochemical cell by: (A) providing an electrode structure; (B) forming on a selected portion of the electrode surface, an interconnection layer having the general formula La{sub 1{minus}x}M{sub x}Cr{sub 1{minus}y}N{sub y}O{sub 3}, where M is a dopant selected from the group of Ca, Sr, Ba, and mixtures thereof, and where N is a dopant selected from the group of Mg, Co, Ni, Al, and mixtures thereof, and where x and y are each independently about 0.075--0.25, by thermally spraying, preferably plasma arc spraying, a flux added interconnection spray powder, preferably agglomerated, the flux added powder comprising flux particles, preferably including dopant, preferably (CaO){sub 12}(Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}){sub 7} flux particles including Ca and Al dopant, and LaCrO{sub 3} interconnection particles, preferably undoped LaCrO{sub 3}, to form a dense and substantially gas-tight interconnection material bonded to the electrode structure by a single plasma spraying step; and (C) heat treating the interconnection layer at from about 1,200 to 1,350 C to further densify and heal the micro-cracks and macro-cracks of the thermally sprayed interconnection layer. The result is a substantially gas-tight, highly doped, electrically conductive interconnection material bonded to the electrode structure. The electrode structure can be an air electrode, and a solid electrolyte layer can be applied to the unselected portion of the air electrode, and further a fuel electrode can be applied to the solid electrolyte, to form an electrochemical cell for generation of electrical power. 4 figs. 27708 US 5,391,233/A/ 1995-02-21 PAN: US patent application 8-251,223 Flynn, P.L.; Giammarise, A.W. General Electric Company AC21-88MC23174 01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT;33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS General Electric Co., Erie, PA (United States) The present invention is directed to a process for coating the interior surfaces of an orifice in a substrate that forms a slurry fuel injection nozzle. In a specific embodiment, the nozzle is part of a fuel injection system for metering a coal-water slurry into a large, medium-speed, multi-cylinder diesel engine. In order to retard erosion of the orifice, the substrate is placed in a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) reaction chamber. A reaction gas is passed into the chamber at a gas temperature below its reaction temperature and is directed through the orifice in the substrate. The gas reaction temperature is a temperature at and above which the reaction gas deposits as a coating, and the reaction gas is of a composition whereby improved resistance to erosion by flow of the particulates in the slurry fuel is imparted by the deposited coating. Only the portion of the substrate in proximity to the orifice to be coated is selectively heated to at least the gas reaction temperature for effecting coating of the orifice`s interior surfaces by the vapor deposited coating formed from the reaction gas. 2 figs. 27709 US 5,389,456/A/ 1995-02-14 PAN: US patent application 8-195,935 Singh, P.; Ruka, R.J. Westinghouse Electric Corporation FC21-91MC28055 30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION Westinghouse Electric Corp., Pittsburgh, PA (United States) A dense, substantially gas-tight electrically conductive interconnection layer is formed on an air electrode structure of an electrochemical cell by (A) providing an air electrode surface; (B) forming on a selected portion of the electrode surface, a layer of doped LaCrO{sub 3} particles doped with an element or elements selected from Ca, Sr, Ba, Mg, Co, Ni, Al and mixtures thereof by thermal spraying doped LaCrO{sub 3} particles, either by plasma arc spraying or flame spraying; (C) depositing a mixture of CaO and Cr{sub 2}O{sub 3} on the surface of the thermally sprayed layer; and (D) heating the doped LaCrO{sub 3} layer coated with CaO and Cr{sub 2}O{sub 3} surface deposit at from about 1,000 C to 1,200 C to substantially close the pores, at least at a surface, of the thermally sprayed doped LaCrO{sub 3} layer. The result is a dense, substantially gas-tight, highly doped, electrically conductive interconnection material bonded to the electrode surface. A solid electrolyte layer can be applied to the nonselected portion of the air electrode. A fuel electrode can be applied to the solid electrolyte, to form an electrochemical cell, for example for generation of electrical power. 5 figs. 27710 US 5,389,222/A/ 1995-02-14 PAN: US patent application 8-124,412 Shahinpoor, M. AT&T Corporation AC04-76DP00789 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (United States) Spring-loaded electrically controllable polymeric gel actuators are disclosed. The polymeric gels can be polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, or polyacrylamide, and are contained in an electrolytic solvent bath such as water plus acetone. The action of the gel is mechanically biased, allowing the expansive and contractile forces to be optimized for specific applications. 5 figs. 27711 US 5,389,123/A/ 1995-02-14 PAN: US patent application 8-087,549 Bronson, M.C. University of California W-7405-ENG-48 32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION ;54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (United States) A dual zone chemical reactor continuously processes metal-containing materials while regenerating and circulating a liquid carrier. The starting materials are fed into a first reaction zone of a vessel containing a molten salt carrier. The starting materials react to form a metal product and a by-product that dissolves in the molten salt that flows to a second reaction zone in the reaction vessel. The second reaction zone is partitioned from, but in fluid communication with, the first reaction zone. The liquid carrier continuously circulates along a pathway between the first reaction zone and the second reaction zone. A reactive gas is introduced into the second reaction zone to react with the reaction by-product to generate the molten salt. The metal product, the gaseous waste products, and the excess liquid carrier are removed without interrupting the operation of the reactor. The design of the dual zone reactor can be adapted to combine a plurality of liquid carrier regeneration zones in a multiple dual zone chemical reactor for production scale processing. 6 figs. 27712 US 5,395,767/A/ 1995-03-07 PAN: US patent application 7-903,466 Murnane, J.P.; Painter, R.B.; Kapp, L.N.; Yu, L.C. University of California USDOE W-7405-ENG-48; AC03-76SF01012 55 BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, BASIC STUDIES Univ. of California, Oakland, CA (United States) Disclosed herein is a new gene, an AT gene for complementation group D, the ATDC gene and fragments thereof. Nucleic acid probes for the gene are provided as well as proteins encoded by the gene, cDNA therefrom, preferably a 3 kilobase (kb) cDNA, and recombinant nucleic acid molecules for expression of the proteins. Further disclosed are methods to detect mutations in the gene, preferably methods employing the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Also disclosed are methods to detect AT genes from other AT complementation groups. 30 figs. 27713 US 5,395,608/A/ 1995-03-07 PAN: US patent application 7-697,861 Troutner, D.E.; John, C.S.; Pillai, M.R.A. University of Missouri FG02-86ER60400 55 BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, BASIC STUDIES Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO (United States) A group of functionalized triamine chelants and their derivatives that form complexes with radioactive metal ions are disclosed. The complexes can be covalently attached to a protein or an antibody or antibody fragment and used for therapeutic and/or diagnostic purposes. The chelants are of the formula, as shown in the accompanying diagrams, wherein n, m, R, R{sup 1}, R{sup 2} and L are defined in the specification. 27714 US 5,393,908/A/ 1995-02-28 PAN: US patent application 7-903,915; CNN: Grant PO1-NS-15654;Grant RO1-MH-37916 Satyamurthy, N.; Barrio, J.R.; Bishop, A.J.; Namavari, M. University of California FC03-87ER60615 55 BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, BASIC STUDIES A protected 6-trimethylstannyl dopa derivative has been synthesized for the as a precursor for the preparation of 6-[{sup 18}F]fluoro-L-dopa. The tin derivative readily reacts with electrophilic radiofluorinating agents such as [{sup 18}F]F{sub 2}, [{sup 18}F]OF{sub 2} and [{sup 18}F]AcOF. The [{sup 18}F]fluoro intermediate was easily hydrolyzed with HBr and the product 6-[{sup 18}F]fluoro-L-dopa was isolated after HPLC purification in a maximum radiochemical yield of 23%, ready for human use. 1 fig. 27716 US 5,398,256/A/ 1995-03-14 PAN: US patent application 8-061,400 Hohimer, J.P.; Craft, D.C. AT&T Corporation AC04-76DP00789 42 ENGINEERING NOT INCLUDED IN OTHER CATEGORIES Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (United States) Two ring diode lasers are optically coupled together to produce tunable, stable output through a Y-junction output coupler which may also be a laser diode or can be an active waveguide. These devices demonstrate a sharp peak in light output with an excellent side-mode-rejection ratio. The rings can also be made of passive or active waveguide material. With additional rings the device is a tunable optical multiplexer/demultiplexer. 11 figs. 27717 US 5,397,739/A/ 1995-03-14 PAN: US patent application 8-099,035 Chalmers, S.A.; Killeen, K.P.; Lear, K.L. AT&T Corporation AC04-76DP00789 42 ENGINEERING NOT INCLUDED IN OTHER CATEGORIES Sandia Corp., Albuquerque, NM (United States) The authors report a method for accurate growth of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs). The method uses a single reflectivity spectrum measurement to determine the structure of the partially completed VCSEL at a critical point of growth. This information, along with the extracted growth rates, allows imprecisions in growth parameters to be compensated for during growth of the remaining structure, which can then be completed with very accurate critical dimensions. Using this method, they can now routinely grow lasing VCSELs with Fabry-Perot cavity resonance wavelengths controlled to within 0.5%. 4 figs. 27719 US 5,396,513/A/ 1995-03-07 PAN: US patent application 8-158,885 Ault, E.R.; Alger, T.W. University of California W-7405-ENG-48 42 ENGINEERING NOT INCLUDED IN OTHER CATEGORIES Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (United States) A metal vapor laser, specifically one utilizing copper vapor, is disclosed herein. This laser utilizes a plasma tube assembly including a thermally insulated plasma tube containing a specific metal, e.g., copper, and a buffer gas therein. The laser also utilizes means including hot electrodes located at opposite ends of the plasma tube for electrically exciting the metal vapor and heating its interior to a sufficiently high temperature to cause the metal contained therein to vaporize and for subjecting the vapor to an electrical discharge excitation in order to lase. The laser also utilizes external wicking arrangements, that is, wicking arrangements located outside the plasma tube. 5 figs. 27720 US 5,396,332/A/ 1995-03-07 PAN: US patent application 8-014,642 Ciszek, T.F. Midwest Research Institute; National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO United States Department of Energy AC02-83CH10093 44 INSTRUMENTATION, INCLUDING NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE DETECTORS Apparatus for measuring thicknesses of semiconductor wafers is discussed, comprising: housing means for supporting a wafer in a light-tight environment; a light source mounted to the housing at one side of the wafer to emit light of a predetermined wavelength to normally impinge the wafer; a light detector supported at a predetermined distance from a side of the wafer opposite the side on which a light source impinges and adapted to receive light transmitted through the wafer; and means for measuring the transmitted light. 4 figs. 27721 US 5,395,821/A/ 1995-03-07 PAN: US patent application 7-969,070 Kroeger, D.M.; Hsu, H.S.; Brynestad, J. Lockheed Martin Energy Syst Inc AC05-84OR21400 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc., Oak Ridge, TN (United States) Metal oxide superconductor powder precursors are prepared in an aerosol pyrolysis process. A solution of the metal cations is introduced into a furnace at 600--1,000 C for 0.1 to 60 seconds. The process produces micron to submicron size powders without the usual loss of the lead stabilizer. The resulting powders have a narrow particle size distribution, a small grain size, and are readily converted to a superconducting composition upon subsequent heat treatment. The precursors are placed in a metal body deformed to form a wire or tape and heated to form a superconducting article. The fine powders permit a substantial reduction in heat treatment time, thus enabling a continuous processing of the powders into superconducting wire, tape or multifilamentary articles by the powder-in-tube process. 3 figs. 27722 US 5,395,481/A/ 1995-03-07 PAN: US patent application 8-137,401 McCarthy, A.M. University of California W-7405-ENG-48 42 ENGINEERING NOT INCLUDED IN OTHER CATEGORIES Univ. of California, Oakland, CA (United States) A method by which single-crystal silicon microelectronics may be fabricated on glass substrates at unconventionally low temperatures. This is achieved by fabricating a thin film of silicon on glass and subsequently forming the doped components by a short wavelength (excimer) laser doping procedure and conventional patterning techniques. This method may include introducing a heavily boron doped etch stop layer on a silicon wafer using an excimer laser, which permits good control of the etch stop layer removal process. This method additionally includes dramatically reducing the remaining surface roughness of the silicon thin films after etching in the fabrication of silicon on insulator wafers by scanning an excimer laser across the surface of the silicon thin film causing surface melting, whereby the surface tension of the melt causes smoothing of the surface during recrystallization. Applications for this method include those requiring a transparent or insulating substrate, such as display manufacturing. Other applications include sensors, actuators, optoelectronics, radiation hard and high temperature electronics. 15 figs. 27723 US 5,394,122/A/ 1995-02-28 PAN: US patent application 7-952,065 Conway, P.H.; Yu, D.U.L. Duly Consultants FG03-90ER80907 42 ENGINEERING NOT INCLUDED IN OTHER CATEGORIES Duly Research Inc., Rancho Palos Verdes, CA (United States) A digital-to-analog converter is disclosed for producing an RF output signal proportional to a digital input word of N bits from an RF reference input, N being an integer greater or equal to 2. The converter comprises a plurality of power splitters, power combiners and a plurality of mixers or RF switches connected in a predetermined configuration. 18 figs. 27724 US 5,393,209/A/ 1995-02-28 PAN: US patent application 8-038,421 Mohr, P.B.; Myers, W.B. University of California W-7405-ENG-48 42 ENGINEERING NOT INCLUDED IN OTHER CATEGORIES Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (United States) A ceramic helical rotor expander is disclosed using a double-ended or tandem herringbone type rotor arrangement with bearing and seal assemblies remote from the hot gas inlets and especially capable of operating at an inlet temperature of above 1,100 C. The rotors are solid or hollow and bonded to hollow metal shafts, and mounted in a composite or simple prismatic casing. The rotors, casing and shafts are constructed from low expansivity materials. In the preferred embodiment the rotors are constructed of silicon nitride and the shafts constructed of an molybdenum alloy, with the metal shafts being supported in bearings and secured to synchronizing gears. The rotors and casing may be provided with coolant channels therein, and are constructed to eliminate the problem of end leakages at inlet temperature and pressure, and the need for high temperature bearings and seals. 3 figs. 27725 US 5,392,981/A/ 1995-02-28 PAN: US patent application 8-161,605 Makowiecki, D.M.; McKernan, M.A. University of California W-7405-ENG-48 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE Univ. Of California, Oakland, CA (United States) A process is disclosed for fabricating high density boron sputtering targets with sufficient mechanical strength to function reliably at typical magnetron sputtering power densities and at normal process parameters. The process involves the fabrication of a high density boron monolithe by hot isostatically compacting high purity (99.9%) boron powder, machining the boron monolithe into the final dimensions, and brazing the finished boron piece to a matching boron carbide (B{sub 4}C) piece, by placing aluminum foil there between and applying pressure and heat in a vacuum. An alternative is the application of aluminum metallization to the back of the boron monolithe by vacuum deposition. Also, a titanium based vacuum braze alloy can be used in place of the aluminum foil. 7 figs. 27726 US 5,391,896/A/ 1995-02-21 PAN: US patent application 7-939,003 Wanlass, M.W. Midwest Research Institute; National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO United States Department of Energy AC02-83CH10093 42 ENGINEERING NOT INCLUDED IN OTHER CATEGORIES Midwest Research Inst., Kansas City, MO (United States) A single-crystal, monolithic, tandem, multi-color optical transceiver device is described, including (a) an InP substrate having upper and lower surfaces, (b) a first junction on the upper surface of the InP substrate, (c) a second junction on the first junction. The first junction is preferably GaInAsP of defined composition, and the second junction is preferably InP. The two junctions are lattice matched. The second junction has a larger energy band gap than the first junction. Additional junctions having successively larger energy band gaps may be included. The device is capable of simultaneous and distinct multi-color emission and detection over a single optical fiber. 5 figs. 27727 US 5,389,837/A/ 1995-02-14 PAN: US patent application 8-051,103 Hietala, V.M.; Martens, J.S.; Zipperian, T.E. AT&T Corporation AC04-76DP00789 66 PHYSICS Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (United States) A NOR/inverter logic gate circuit and a flip flop circuit implemented with superconducting flux flow transistors (SFFTs) are disclosed. Both circuits comprise two SFFTs with feedback lines. They have extremely low power dissipation, very high switching speeds, and the ability to interface between Josephson junction superconductor circuits and conventional microelectronics. 8 figs. 27728 US 5,389,797/A/ 1995-02-14 PAN: US patent application 7-943,823 Bryan, R.P.; Olbright, G.R.; Brennan, T.M.; Tsao, J.Y. AT&T Corporation AC04-76DP00789 42 ENGINEERING NOT INCLUDED IN OTHER CATEGORIES;44 INSTRUMENTATION, INCLUDING NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE DETECTORS Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (United States) A photodetector is disclosed that is responsive to a wavelength or wavelengths of interest which have heretofore been unrealized. The photodetector includes a resonant cavity structure bounded by first and second reflectors, the resonant cavity structure being resonant at the wavelength or wavelengths of interest for containing a plurality of standing waves therein. The photodetector further includes a radiation absorbing region disposed within the resonant cavity structure, the radiation absorbing region including a plurality of radiation absorbing layers spaced apart from one another by a distance substantially equal to a distance between antinodes of adjacent ones of the standing waves. Each of radiation absorbing layers is spatially positioned at a location of one of the antinodes of one of the standing waves such that radiation absorption is enhanced. The radiation absorbing layers may be either bulk layers or quantum wells includes a plurality of layers, each of which is comprised of a strained layer of InGaAs. Individual ones of the InGaAs layers are spaced apart from one another by a GaAs barrier layer. 11 figs. 27729 US 5,389,784/A/ 1995-02-14 PAN: US patent application 8-064,887 Weller, R.R. Westinghouse Savannah River Co AC09-89SR18035 40 CHEMISTRY Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (United States) An ion cyclotron resonance cell is disclosed having two adjacent sections separated by a center trapping plate. The first section is defined by the center trapping plate, a first end trapping plate, and excitation and detector electrodes. The second section includes a second end trapping plate spaced apart from the center plate, a mirror, and an analyzer. The analyzer includes a wavelength-selective light detector, such as a detector incorporating an acousto-optical device (AOD) and a photodetector. One or more ion guides, grounded plates with holes for the ion beam, are positioned within the vacuum chamber of the mass spectrometer between the ion source and the cell. After ions are trapped and analyzed by ion cyclotron resonance techniques in the first section, the ions of interest are selected according to their mass and passed into the second section for optical spectroscopic studies. The trapped ions are excited by light from a laser and caused thereby to fluoresce. The fluorescent light emitted by the excited ions is reflected by the mirror and directed onto the detector. The AOD is scanned, and the photodetector output is recorded and analyzed. The ions remain in the second section for an extended period, enabling multiple studies to be carried out on the same ensemble of ions. 5 figs. 27730 US 5,389,445/A/ 1995-02-14 PAN: US patent application 8-048,373 Makowiecki, D.M.; Jankowski, A.F. University of California W-7405-ENG-48 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE Univ. of California, Oakland, CA (United States) A method is described for the production of thin boron and titanium/boron films by magnetron sputter deposition. The amorphous boron films contain no morphological growth features, unlike those found when thin films are prepared by various physical vapor deposition processes. Magnetron sputter deposition method requires the use of a high density crystalline boron sputter target which is prepared by hot isostatic pressing. Thin boron films prepared by this method are useful for ultra-thin band pass filters as well as the low Z element in low Z/high Z mirrors which enhance reflectivity from grazing to normal incidence. 6 figs. 27731 US 5,388,810/A/ 1995-02-14 PAN: US patent application 8-186,369 Boring, C.P. Lockheed Martin Energy Syst Inc AC05-84OR21400 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (United States) A cermet crucible is disclosed for metallurgically processing metals having high melting points comprising a body consisting essentially of a mixture of calcium oxide and erbium metal, the mixture comprising calcium oxide in a range between about 50 and 90% by weight and erbium metal in a range between about 10 and 50% by weight. 27736 US RE 31,968/E/ 1985-08-13 PAN: US patent application 6-620,637 Mickelsen, R.A.; Chen, W.S. Midwest Research Institute USDOE EG-77-C-01-4042 14 SOLAR ENERGY Boeing Co., Seattle, WA (United States) An improved thin-film, large area solar cell, and methods for forming the same are disclosed, having a relatively high light-to-electrical energy conversion efficiency and characterized in that the cell comprises a p-n type heterojunction formed of: (i) a first semiconductor layer comprising a photovoltaic active material selected from the class of I-III-VI{sub 2} chalcopyrite ternary materials which is vacuum deposited in a thin ``composition-graded`` layer ranging from on the order of about 2.5 microns to about 5.0 microns ({approx_equal}2.5 {mu}m to {approx_equal}5.0 {mu}m) and wherein the lower region of the photovoltaic active material preferably comprises a low resistivity region of p-type semiconductor material having a superimposed region of relatively high resistivity, transient n-type semiconductor material defining a transient p-n homojunction; and (ii) a second semiconductor layer comprising a low resistivity n-type semiconductor material; wherein interdiffusion occurs (a) between the elemental constituents of the two discrete juxtaposed regions of the first semiconductor layer defining a transient p-n homojunction layer, and (b) between the transient n-type material in the first semiconductor layer and the second n-type semiconductor layer. 16 figs. 27737 US RE 33,502/E/ 1990-12-25 PAN: US patent application 7-286,367 Gollan, A.Z. A/G Technology Corp AC07-83ID12429 40 CHEMISTRY ;32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION A/G Technology Corp., Needham, MA (United States) Feed gas is directed tangentially along the non-skin surface of gas separation membrane modules comprising a cylindrical bundle of parallel contiguous hollow fibers supported to allow feed gas to flow from an inlet at one end of a cylindrical housing through the bores of the bundled fibers to an outlet at the other end while a component of the feed gas permeates through the fibers, each having the skin side on the outside, through a permeate outlet in the cylindrical casing. 3 figs. 27738 US RE 33,352/E/ 1990-09-25 PAN: US patent application 6-848,032 Roman, I.C.; Baker, R.W. Bend Research Inc AC06-79ER10337 32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION Bend Research, Inc., OR (United States) Process for the separation and purification of oxygen and nitrogen is disclosed which utilizes solutions of oxygen carriers to selectively absorb oxygen from a gaseous stream, leaving nitrogen as a byproduct. In the process, an oxygen carrier capable of reversibly binding molecular oxygen is dissolved in a solvent solution, which absorbs oxygen from an oxygen-containing gaseous feed stream such as atmospheric air and desorbs oxygen to a gaseous product stream. The feed stream is maintained at a sufficiently high oxygen pressure to keep the oxygen carrier in its oxygenated form during absorption, while the product stream is maintained at a sufficiently low oxygen pressure to keep the carrier in its deoxygenated form during desorption. In an alternate mode of operation, the carrier solution is maintained at a sufficiently low temperature and high oxygen pressure to keep the oxygen carrier in its oxygenated form during absorption, and at a sufficiently high temperature to keep the carrier in its deoxygenated form during desorption. Under such conditions, exceptionally high oxygen concentrations on the order of 95% to 99% are obtained, as well as a long carrier lifetime in excess of 3 months, making the process commercially feasible. 1 figure 27740 US RE 34,757/E/ 1994-10-18 PAN: US patent application 7-803,145 Smith, R.D.; Udseth, H.R.; Olivares, J.A. Battelle Memorial Institute AC06-76RL01830 40 CHEMISTRY Battelle Memorial Inst., Richland, WA (United States) A system and method for analyzing molecular constituents of a composition sample include: forming a solution of the sample, separating the solution by capillary electrophoresis into an eluent of constituents longitudinally separated according to their relative electrophoretic mobilities, electrospraying the eluent to form a charged spray in which the molecular constituents have a temporal distribution; and detecting or collecting the separated constituents in accordance with the temporal distribution in the spray. A first high-voltage (e.g., 5--100 kVDC) is applied to the solution. The spray is charged by applying a second high voltage (e.g.,{+-}2--8 kVDC) between the eluent at the capillary exit and a cathode spaced in front of the exit. A complete electrical circuit is formed by a conductor which directly contacts the eluent at the capillary exit, or by conduction through a sheath electrode discharged in an annular sheath flow about the capillary exit. 21 figs. 35044 US 5,406,605/A/ 1995-04-11 PAN: US patent application 8-174,227 Gross, K.C. University of Chicago W-31109-ENG-38 22 NUCLEAR REACTOR TECHNOLOGY Kenny C. Gross, Argonne, IL (United States) For use in the manufacture of gas tags such as employed in a nuclear reactor gas tagging failure detection system, a method for designing gas tagging compositions utilizes an analytical approach wherein the final composition of a first canister of tag gas as measured by a mass spectrometer is designated as node No. 1. Lattice locations of tag nodes in multi-dimensional space are then used in calculating the compositions of a node No. 2 and each subsequent node so as to maximize the distance of each node from any combination of tag components which might be indistinguishable from another tag composition in a reactor fuel assembly. Alternatively, the measured compositions of tag gas numbers 1 and 2 may be used to fix the locations of nodes 1 and 2, with the locations of nodes 3-N then calculated for optimum tag gas composition. A single sphere defining the lattice locations of the tag nodes may be used to define approximately 20 tag nodes, while concentric spheres can extend the number of tag nodes to several hundred. 5 figures. 35045 US 5,406,258/A/ 1995-04-11 PAN: US patent application 8-233,677 Carver, D.W. Lockheed Martin Energy Syst Inc AC05-84OR21400 05 NUCLEAR FUELS Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (United States) A security barrier for placement across a passageway is made up of interconnected pressurized tubing made up in a grid pattern with openings too small to allow passage. The tubing is connected to a pressure switch, located away from the barrier site, which activates an alarm upon occurrence of a pressure drop. A reinforcing bar is located inside and along the length of the tubing so as to cause the tubing to rupture and set off the alarm upon an intruder`s making an attempt to crimp and seal off a portion of the tubing by application of a hydraulic tool. Radial and rectangular grid patterns are disclosed. 7 figures. 35046 US 5,405,588/A/ 1995-04-11 PAN: US patent application 8-276,721 Kronberg, J.W. Westinghouse Savannah River Co AC09-89SR18035 05 NUCLEAR FUELS Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (United States) A process is described for the recovery of a metal, in particular, cadmium contained in scrap, in a stable form. The process comprises the steps of mixing the cadmium-containing scrap with an ammonium carbonate solution, preferably at least a stoichiometric amount of ammonium carbonate, and/or free ammonia, and an oxidizing agent to form a first mixture so that the cadmium will react with the ammonium carbonate to form a water-soluble ammine complex; evaporating the first mixture so that ammine complex dissociates from the first mixture leaving carbonate ions to react with the cadmium and form a second mixture that includes cadmium carbonate; optionally adding water to the second mixture to form a third mixture; adjusting the pH of the third mixture to the acid range whereby the cadmium carbonate will dissolve; and adding at least a stoichiometric amount of sulfide, preferably in the form of hydrogen sulfide or an aqueous ammonium sulfide solution, to the third mixture to precipitate cadmium sulfide. This mixture of sulfide is then preferably digested by heating to facilitate precipitation of large particles of cadmium sulfide. The scrap may be divided by shredding or breaking up to expose additional surface area. Finally, the precipitated cadmium sulfide can be mixed with glass formers and vitrified for permanent disposal. 2 figures. 35047 US 5,405,244/A/ 1995-04-11 PAN: US patent application 8-169,436 Boyd, G.L. Solar Turbines Inc AC02-92CE40960 14 SOLAR ENERGY Solar Turbines Inc., San Diego, CA (United States) A retainer ring is arranged to mount turbine blades to a turbine disk so that aerodynamic forces produced by a gas turbine engine are transferred from the turbine blades to the turbine disk to cause the turbine blades and turbine disk to rotate, but so that centrifugal forces of the turbine blades resulting from the rotation of the turbine blades and turbine disk are not transferred from the turbine blades to the turbine disk. 6 figures. 35049 US 5,404,793/A/ 1995-04-11 PAN: US patent application 8-070,524 Myers, B. University of California W-7405-ENG-48 33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS An expandable ceramic tile housing for a high temperature engine is disclosed wherein each tile is independently supported in place in an interlocking matrix by retention mechanisms which mechanically couple the individual ceramic tiles to an outer metal support housing while maintaining thermal isolation of the metal housing from the ceramic tiles. The ceramic tiles are formed with either an octagonal front face portion and a square shank portion or a square front face portion with an octagonal shank portion. The length of the sides of the octagonal front face portion on one tile is equal to the length of the sides of the square front face portion of adjoining tiles to permit formation of an interlocking matrix. Fibrous ceramic sealing material may be placed between radial and tangential facing surfaces of adjacent tiles to limit radial gas flow there between. Labyrinth-sealed pressure-controlled compartments may be established between the tile housing and the outer metal support housing to control radial gas flow. 8 figures. 35052 US 5,404,026/A/ 1995-04-04 PAN: US patent application 8-004,766 Mariella, R.P. Jr.; Cooper, G.A. University of California W-7405-ENG-48 40 CHEMISTRY Univ. of California, Oakland, CA (United States) A single-crystal, multi-layer device is described incorporating an IR absorbing layer that is compositionally different from the Ga{sub x}Al{sub 1{minus}x}Sb layer which acts as the electron emitter. Many different IR absorbing layers can be envisioned for use in this embodiment, limited only by the ability to grow quality material on a chosen substrate. A non-exclusive list of possible IR absorbing layers would include GaSb, InAs and InAs/Ga{sub w}In{sub y}Al{sub 1{minus}y{minus}w}Sb superlattices. The absorption of the IR photon excites an electron into the conduction band of the IR absorber. An externally applied electric field then transports electrons from the conduction band of the absorber into the conduction band of the Ga{sub x}Al{sub 1{minus}x}Sb, from which they are ejected into vacuum. Because the band alignments of Ga{sub x}Al{sub 1{minus}x}Sb can be made the same as that of GaAs, emitting efficiencies comparable to GaAs photocathodes are obtainable. The present invention provides a photocathode that is responsive to wavelengths within the range of 0.9 {mu}m to at least 10 {mu}m. 9 figures. 35053 US 5,403,461/A/ 1995-04-04 PAN: US patent application 8-029,159 Tuller, H.L.; Kramer, S.A.; Spears, M.A. Massachusetts Institute of Technology FG02-86ER45261 40 CHEMISTRY Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA (United States) An electrochemical device including a solid electrolyte and solid electrode composed of materials having different chemical compositions and characterized by different electrical properties but having the same crystalline phase is provided. A method for fabricating an electrochemical device having a solid electrode and solid electrolyte characterized by the same crystalline phase is also provided. 17 figures. 35054 US 5,403,365/A/ 1995-04-04 PAN: US patent application 8-054,922 Merriam, N.W.; Grimes, R.W.; Tweed, R.E. Western Research Institute FC21-93MC30126 01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT Western Research Inst., Laramie, WY (United States) A process is described for producing low mercury coal during precombustion procedures by releasing mercury through discriminating mild heating that minimizes other burdensome constituents. Said mercury is recovered from the overhead gases by selective removal. 4 figures. 35055 US 5,403,244/A/ 1995-04-04 PAN: US patent application 8-016,798 Tankersley, J.B.; Boothe, R.W.; Konrad, C.E. Ford Motor Co AC07-90ID13019 33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS General Electric Co., Fairfield, CT (United States) An electric vehicle drive train includes an electric motor and an associated speed sensor, a transmission operable in a speed reduction mode or a direct coupled mode, and a controller responsive to the speed sensor for operating the transmission in the speed reduction mode when the motor is below a predetermined value, and for operating the motor in the direct coupled mode when the motor speed is above a predetermined value. The controller reduces the speed of the motor, such as by regeneratively braking the motor, when changing from the speed reduction mode to the direct coupled mode. The motor speed may be increased when changing from the direct coupled mode to the speed reduction mode. The transmission is preferably a single stage planetary gearbox. 6 figures. 35056 US 5,402,344/A/ 1995-03-28 PAN: US patent application 8-110,693 Reister, D.B.; Unseren, M.A. Lockheed Martin Energy Syst Inc AC05-84OR21400 33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc., Oak Ridge, TN (United States) A method is described for independently controlling each steerable drive wheel of a vehicle with two or more such wheels. An instantaneous center of rotation target and a tangential velocity target are inputs to a wheel target system which sends the velocity target and a steering angle target for each drive wheel to a pseudo-velocity target system. The pseudo-velocity target system determines a pseudo-velocity target which is compared to a current pseudo-velocity to determine a pseudo-velocity error. The steering angle targets and the steering angles are inputs to a steering angle control system which outputs to the steering angle encoders, which measure the steering angles. The pseudo-velocity error, the rate of change of the pseudo-velocity error, and the wheel slip between each pair of drive wheels are used to calculate intermediate control variables which, along with the steering angle targets are used to calculate the torque to be applied at each wheel. The current distance traveled for each wheel is then calculated. The current wheel velocities and steering angle targets are used to calculate the cumulative and instantaneous wheel slip and the current pseudo-velocity. 6 figures. 35057 US 5,402,306/A/ 1995-03-28 PAN: US patent application 8-057,739 Mayer, S.T.; Kaschmitter, J.L.; Pekala, R.W. University of California W-7405-ENG-48 25 ENERGY STORAGE Univ. of California, Oakland, CA (United States) An electrode separator is described for electrochemical energy storage devices, such as a high energy density capacitor incorporating a variety of carbon foam electrodes. The separator is derived from an aquagel of resorcinol-formaldehyde and related polymers and containing ionically conducting electrolyte in the pores thereof. 9 figures. 35058 US 5,401,460/A/ 1995-03-28 PAN: US patent application 8-160,061 Donelson, R.; Bryson, E.S. M-C Power Corporation AC21-90MC27394 30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION M-C Power Corp., Burr Ridge, IL (United States) A carrier is described for conveying components of a fuel cell to be sintered through a sintering furnace. The carrier comprises a metal sheet coated with a carbon-based paint, the carbon-based paint comprising an organic binder. The carbon-based paint may be an alcohol or a solvent-based paint or a water-based paint. 35059 US 5,401,331/A/ 1995-03-28 PAN: US patent application 8-116,849 Ciszek, T.F. Midwest Research Institute; National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO United States Department of Energy AC02-83CH10093 14 SOLAR ENERGY ;36 MATERIALS SCIENCE Midwest Research Inst., Kansas City, MO (United States) A photovoltaic device for converting solar energy into electrical signals comprises a substrate, a layer of photoconductive semiconductor material grown on said substrate, wherein the substrate comprises an alloy of boron and silicon, the boron being present in a range of from 0.1 to 1.3 atomic percent, the alloy having a lattice constant substantially matched to that of the photoconductive semiconductor material and a resistivity of less than 1{times}10{sup {minus}3} ohm-cm. 4 figures. 35060 US 5,401,282/A/ 1995-03-28 PAN: US patent application 8-077,270 Leininger, T.F.; Robin, A.M.; Wolfenbarger, J.K.; Suggitt, R.M. Texaco Inc FC21-87MC23277 01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT;02 PETROLEUM Texaco Inc., White Plains, NY (United States) A partial oxidation process is described for the production of a stream of hot clean gas substantially free from particulate matter, ammonia, alkali metal compounds, halides and sulfur-containing gas for use as synthesis gas, reducing gas, or fuel gas. A hydrocarbonaceous fuel comprising a solid carbonaceous fuel with or without liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel or gaseous hydrocarbon fuel, wherein said hydrocarbonaceous fuel contains halides, alkali metal compounds, sulfur, nitrogen and inorganic ash containing components, is reacted in a gasifier by partial oxidation to produce a hot raw gas stream comprising H{sub 2}, CO, CO{sub 2}, H{sub 2}O, CH{sub 4}, NH{sub 3}, HCl, HF, H{sub 2}S, COS, N{sub 2}, Ar, particulate matter, vapor phase alkali metal compounds, and molten slag. The hot raw gas stream from the gasifier is split into two streams which are separately deslagged, cleaned and recombined. Ammonia in the gas mixture is catalytically disproportionated into N{sub 2} and H{sub 2}. The ammonia-free gas stream is then cooled and halides in the gas stream are reacted with a supplementary alkali metal compound to remove HCl and HF. Alkali metal halides, vaporized alkali metal compounds and residual fine particulate matter are removed from the gas stream by further cooling and filtering. The sulfur-containing gases in the process gas stream are then reacted at high temperature with a regenerable sulfur-reactive mixed metal oxide sulfur sorbent material to produce a sulfided sorbent material which is then separated from the hot clean purified gas stream having a temperature of at least 1000 F. 1 figure. 35061 US 5,400,136/A/ 1995-03-21 PAN: US patent application 7-821,684 Vo-Dinh, T. Lockheed Martin Energy Syst Inc AC05-84OR21400 44 INSTRUMENTATION, INCLUDING NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE DETECTORS Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc., Oak Ridge, TN (United States) A dosimeter and probe for measuring exposure to chemical and biological compounds is disclosed. The dosimeter or probe includes a collector which may be analyzed by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. The collector comprises a surface-enhanced Raman scattering-active material having a coating applied thereto to improve the adsorption properties of the collector. The collector may also be used in automated sequential devices, in probe array devices. 10 figures. 35062 US 5,398,560/A/ 1995-03-21 PAN: US patent application 8-089,679 Zollingger, W.T.; Appel, D.K.; Park, L.R. Westinghouse Savannah River Co AC09-89SR18035 42 ENGINEERING NOT INCLUDED IN OTHER CATEGORIES Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (United States) An inspection rabbit is described for inspecting piping systems having severe bends therein. The rabbit consists of a flexible, modular body containing a miniaturized eddy current inspection probe, a self-contained power supply for proper operation of the rabbit, an outer surface that allows ease of movement through piping systems and means for transmitting data generated by the inspection device. The body is preferably made of flexible polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubing or, alternatively, silicone rubber with a shrink wrapping of polytetrafluoroethylene (TEFLON{trademark}). The body is formed to contain the power supply, preferably a plurality of batteries, and a spool of communication wire that connects to a data processing computer external to the piping system. 6 figures. 35063 US 5,405,747/A/ 1995-04-11 PAN: US patent application 8-208,506 Jett, J.H.; Keller, R.A.; Martin, J.C.; Posner, R.G.; Marrone, B.L.; Hammond, M.L.; Simpson, D.J. University of California W-7405-ENG-36 55 BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, BASIC STUDIES Univ. of California Office of Technology Transfer, Alameda, CA (United States) A method is described for rapid-base sequencing in DNA and RNA with two-base labeling and employing fluorescent detection of single molecules at two wavelengths. Bases modified to accept fluorescent labels are used to replicate a single DNA or RNA strand to be sequenced. The bases are then sequentially cleaved from the replicated strand, excited with a chosen spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, and the fluorescence from individual, tagged bases detected in the order of cleavage from the strand. 4 figures. 35064 US 5,401,847/A/ 1995-03-28 PAN: US patent application 8-009,704 Glazer, A.N.; Benson, S.C. University of California FG03-91ER61125 55 BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, BASIC STUDIES Univ. of California, Oakland, CA (United States) Heteromultimeric fluorophores are provided for binding to DNA, which allow for the detection of DNA in electrical separations and preparation of probes having high-fluorescent efficiencies and large Stokes shifts. In addition, by appropriate choice of fluorescent molecules, one can use a single narrow wavelength band excitation light source, while obtaining fluorescent emissions having sufficient separation to be readily discriminated. 4 figures. 35065 US 5,401,632/A/ 1995-03-28 PAN: US patent application 7-915,245 Wang, R.; Smith, L.M.; Tong, X.E. University of Wisconsin FG02-90ER61026 55 BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, BASIC STUDIES Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, Madison, WI (United States) Disclosed herein are methods, kits, and equipment for purifying single stranded circular DNA and then using the DNA for DNA sequencing purposes. Templates are provided with an insert having a hybridization region. An elongated oligonucleotide has two regions that are complementary to the insert and the oligo is bound to a magnetic anchor. The oligo hybridizes to the insert on two sides to form a stable triple helix complex. The anchor can then be used to drag the template out of solution using a magnet. The system can purify sequencing templates, and if desired the triple helix complex can be opened up to a double helix so that the oligonucleotide will act as a primer for further DNA synthesis. 4 figures. 35066 US 5,399,668/A/ 1995-03-21 PAN: US patent application 7-888,364 Raikhel, N.V.; Broekaert, W.F.; Chua, N.H.; Kush, A. Michigan State University AC02-76ER01338 55 BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, BASIC STUDIES Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States) A cDNA clone (HEV1) encoding hevein was isolated via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using mixed oligonucleotides corresponding to two regions of hevein as primers and a Hevea brasiliensis latex cDNA library as a template. HEV1 is 1,018 nucleotides long and includes an open reading frame of 204 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence contains a putative signal sequence of 17 amino acid residues followed by a 187 amino acid polypeptide. The amino-terminal region (43 amino acids) is identical to hevein and shows homology to several chitin-binding proteins and to the amino-termini of wound-induced genes in potato and poplar. The carboxyl-terminal portion of the polypeptide (144 amino acids) is 74--79% homologous to the carboxyl-terminal region of wound-inducible genes of potato. Wounding, as well as application of the plant hormones abscisic acid and ethylene, resulted in accumulation of hevein transcripts in leaves, stems and latex, but not in roots, as shown by using the cDNA as a probe. A fusion protein was produced in E. coli from the protein of the present invention and maltose binding protein produced by the E. coli. 11 figures. 35067 US 5,406,602/A/ 1995-04-11 PAN: US patent application 8-228,527 Hunsbedt, A.; Boardman, C.E. General Electric Co AC03-89SF17445 22 NUCLEAR REACTOR TECHNOLOGY ;21 NUCLEAR POWER REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED PLANTS General Electric Co., San Jose, CA (United States) A passive and inherent shutdown heat removal method with a backup air flow path which allows decay heat removal following a postulated double vessel leak event in a liquid metal-cooled nuclear reactor is disclosed. The improved reactor design incorporates the following features: (1) isolation capability of the reactor cavity environment in the event that simultaneous leaks develop in both the reactor and containment vessels; (2) a reactor silo liner tank which insulates the concrete silo from the leaked sodium, thereby preserving the silo`s structural integrity; and (3) a second, independent air cooling flow path via tubes submerged in the leaked sodium which will maintain shutdown heat removal after the normal flow path has been isolated. 5 figures. 35068 US 5,406,573/A/ 1995-04-11 PAN: US patent application 8-151,274 Ozbay, E.; Tuttle, G.; Michel, E.; Ho, K.M.; Biswas, R.; Chan, C.T.; Soukoulis, C. Iowa State University W-7405-ENG-82 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE Iowa State Univ. Research Foundation, Ames, IA (United States) A method is disclosed for fabricating a periodic dielectric structure which exhibits a photonic band gap. Alignment holes are formed in a wafer of dielectric material having a given crystal orientation. A planar layer of elongate rods is then formed in a section of the wafer. The formation of the rods includes the step of selectively removing the dielectric material of the wafer between the rods. The formation of alignment holes and layers of elongate rods and wafers is then repeated to form a plurality of patterned wafers. A stack of patterned wafers is then formed by rotating each successive wafer with respect to the next-previous wafer, and then placing the successive wafer on the stack. This stacking results in a stack of patterned wafers having a four-layer periodicity exhibiting a photonic band gap. 42 figures. 35069 US 5,406,367/A/ 1995-04-11 PAN: US patent application 8-060,301 Sopori, B.L. Midwest Research Institute; National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO United States Department of Energy AC02-83CH10093 42 ENGINEERING NOT INCLUDED IN OTHER CATEGORIES Midwest Research Inst., Kansas City, MO (United States) Apparatus for detecting and mapping defects in the surfaces of polycrystalline materials in a manner that distinguishes dislocation pits from grain boundaries includes a laser for illuminating a wide spot on the surface of the material, a light integrating sphere with apertures for capturing light scattered by etched dislocation pits in an intermediate range away from specular reflection while allowing light scattered by etched grain boundaries in a near range from specular reflection to pass through, and optical detection devices for detecting and measuring intensities of the respective intermediate scattered light and near specular scattered light. A center blocking aperture or filter can be used to screen out specular reflected light, which would be reflected by nondefect portions of the polycrystalline material surface. An X-Y translation stage for mounting the polycrystalline material and signal processing and computer equipment accommodate rastor mapping, recording, and displaying of respective dislocation and grain boundary defect densities. A special etch procedure is included, which prepares the polycrystalline material surface to produce distinguishable intermediate and near specular light scattering in patterns that have statistical relevance to the dislocation and grain boundary defect densities. 20 figures. 35070 US 5,404,820/A/ 1995-04-11 PAN: US patent application 8-257,316 Hendrix, J.L. Honeywell International Inc AC04-76DP00613 45 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, WEAPONRY, AND NATIONAL DEFENSE Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (United States) A laser initiated ordnance controller apparatus which provides a safe and arm scheme with no moving parts. The safe & arm apparatus provides isolation of firing energy to explosive devices using a combination of polarization isolation and control through acousto-optical deviation of laser energy pulses. The apparatus provides constant monitoring of the systems status and performs 100% built-in-test at any time prior to ordnance ignition without the risk of premature ignition or detonation. The apparatus has a computer controller, a solid state laser, an acousto-optic deflector and RF drive circuitry, built-in-test optics and electronics, and system monitoring capabilities. The optical system is completed from the laser beam power source to the pyrotechnic ordnance through fiber optic cabling, optical splitters and optical connectors. During operation of the apparatus, a command is provided by the computer controller and, simultaneous with laser flashlamp fire, the safe & arm device is opened for approximately 200 microseconds which allows the laser pulse to transmit through the device. The arm signal also energizes the laser power supply and activates the acousto-optical deflector. When the correct fire format command is received, the acousto-optic deflector moves to the selected event channel, and the channel is verified to ensure the system is pointing to the correct position. Laser energy is transmitted through the fiber where an ignitor or detonator designed to be sensitive to optical pulses is fired at the end of the fiber channel. Simultaneous event channels may also be utilized by optically splitting a single event channel. The built-in-test may be performed anytime prior to ordnance ignition. 6 figures. 35071 US 5,404,224/A/ 1995-04-04 PAN: US patent application 8-160,730 Kotidis, P.A.; Woodroffe, J.A.; Rostler, P.S. Surface Combustion Inc FC07-89ID12830 44 INSTRUMENTATION, INCLUDING NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE DETECTORS;32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION Textron Defense Systems, Div. of Avco Corp., Wilmington, MA (United States) A system for nondestructively measuring an object and controlling industrial processes in response to the measurement is disclosed in which an impulse laser generates a plurality of sound waves over timed increments in an object. A polarizing interferometer is used to measure surface movement of the object caused by the sound waves and sensed by phase shifts in the signal beam. A photon multiplier senses the phase shift and develops an electrical signal. A signal conditioning arrangement modifies the electrical signals to generate an average signal correlated to the sound waves which in turn is correlated to a physical or metallurgical property of the object, such as temperature, which property may then be used to control the process. External, random vibrations of the workpiece are utilized to develop discernible signals which can be sensed in the interferometer by only one photon multiplier. In addition the interferometer includes an arrangement for optimizing its sensitivity so that movement attributed to various waves can be detected in opaque objects. The interferometer also includes a mechanism for sensing objects with rough surfaces which produce speckle light patterns. Finally the interferometer per se, with the addition of a second photon multiplier is capable of accurately recording beam length distance differences with only one reading. 38 figures. 35072 US 5,404,052/A/ 1995-04-04 PAN: US patent application 7-968,112 Lange, A.C. University of California W-7405-ENG-48 42 ENGINEERING NOT INCLUDED IN OTHER CATEGORIES Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (United States) An improved base drive circuit having a level shifter for providing bistable input signals to a pair of non-linear delays. The non-linear delays provide gate control to a corresponding pair of field effect transistors through a corresponding pair of buffer components. The non-linear delays provide delayed turn-on for each of the field effect transistors while an associated pair of transistors shunt the non-linear delays during turn-off of the associated field effect transistor. 2 figures. 35075 US 5,402,508/A/ 1995-03-28 PAN: US patent application 8-056,390 O`Rourke, P.E.; Livingston, R.R. Westinghouse Savannah River Co AC09-89SR18035 44 INSTRUMENTATION, INCLUDING NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE DETECTORS Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (United States) A fiber optic probe is disclosed for detecting scattered light, with transmitting and receiving fibers having slanted ends and bundled together to form a bevel within the tip of the probe. The probe comprises a housing with a transparent window across its tip for protecting the transmitting and receiving fibers held therein. The endfaces of the fibers are slanted, by cutting, polishing and the like, so that they lie in a plane that is not perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the respective fiber. The fibers are held in the tip of the probe using an epoxy and oriented so that lines normal to the slanted endfaces are divergent with respect to one another. The epoxy, which is positioned substantially between the transmitting and receiving fibers, is tapered so that the transmitting fiber, the epoxy and the receiving fiber form a bevel of not more than 20 degrees. The angled fiber endfaces cause directing of the light cones toward each other, resulting in improved light coupling efficiency. A light absorber, such as carbon black, is contained in the epoxy to reduce crosstalk between the transmitting and receiving fibers. 3 figures. 35076 US 5,402,233/A/ 1995-03-28 PAN: US patent application 8-132,851 Schultz, T.J.; Kotidis, P.A.; Woodroffe, J.A.; Rostler, P.S. Surface Combustion Inc FC07-89ID12830 44 INSTRUMENTATION, INCLUDING NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE DETECTORS;32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION Surface Combustion, Inc., Maumee, OH (United States) A system for nondestructively measuring an object and controlling industrial processes in response to the measurement is disclosed in which an impulse laser generates a plurality of sound waves over timed increments in an object. A polarizing interferometer is used to measure surface movement of the object caused by the sound waves and sensed by phase shifts in the signal beam. A photon multiplier senses the phase shift and develops an electrical signal. A signal conditioning arrangement modifies the electrical signals to generate an average signal correlated to the sound waves which in turn is correlated to a physical or metallurgical property of the object, such as temperature, which property may then be used to control the process. External, random vibrations of the workpiece are utilized to develop discernible signals which can be sensed in the interferometer by only one photon multiplier. In addition the interferometer includes an arrangement for optimizing its sensitivity so that movement attributed to various waves can be detected in opaque objects. The interferometer also includes a mechanism for sensing objects with rough surfaces which produce speckle light patterns. Finally the interferometer per se, with the addition of a second photon multiplier is capable of accurately recording beam length distance differences with only one reading. 38 figures. 35077 US 5,401,712/A/ 1995-03-28 PAN: US patent application 7-947,324 Singh, J.P.; Poeppel, R.B.; Goretta, K.C.; Chen, N. University of Chicago W-31109-ENG-38 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States) A ceramic superconductor is produced by close control of oxygen partial pressure during sintering of the material. The resulting microstructure of YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub x} indicates that sintering kinetics are enhanced at reduced p(O{sub 2}) and that because of second phase precipitates, grain growth is prevented. The density of specimens sintered at 910 C increased from 79 to 94% theoretical when p(O{sub 2}) was decreased from 0.1 to 0.0001 MPa. The increase in density with decrease in p(O{sub 2}) derives from enhanced sintering kinetics, due to increased defect concentration and decreased activation energy of the rate-controlling species undergoing diffusion. Sintering at 910 C resulted in a fine-grain microstructure, with an average grain size of about 4 {mu}m. Post sintering annealing in a region of stability for the desired phase converts the second phases and limits grain growth. The method of pinning grain boundaries by small scale decompositive products and then annealing to convert its product to the desired phase can be used for other complex asides. Such a microstructure results in reduced microcracking, strengths as high as 230 MPa and high critical current density capacity. 25 figures. 35078 US 5,401,445/A/ 1995-03-28 PAN: US patent application 8-083,964 Menchhofer, P. Lockheed Martin Energy Syst Inc AC05-84OR21400 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc., Oak Ridge, TN (United States) A method is disclosed for the production of articles made of a particle-based material; e.g., ceramics and sintered metals. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, a thermally settable slurry containing a relatively high concentration of the particles is introduced into an immiscible, heated fluid. The slurry sets hardens into a shape determined by the physical characteristics of the fluid and the manner of introduction of the slurry into the fluid. For example, the slurry is pulse injected into the fluid to provide spherical articles. The hardened spheres may then be sintered to consolidate the particles and provide a high density product. 1 figure. 35079 US 5,400,184/A/ 1995-03-21 PAN: US patent application 7-968,114 Kuklo, T.C. University of California W-7405-ENG-48 42 ENGINEERING NOT INCLUDED IN OTHER CATEGORIES Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (United States) An adjustable mirror mount system for a mirror is disclosed comprising a mirror support having a planar surface thereon, a mirror frame containing a mirror and having a planar surface behind the mirror facing the planar surface of the mirror support and parallel to the reflecting surface of the mirror and mounted pivotally to the mirror support at a point central to the frame, a first adjustment means between the mirror support and the mirror frame spaced from the central pivot mount for adjusting the movement of the mirror along one axis lying in the plane of the planar surface of the mirror frame; and a second adjustment means between the mirror support and the mirror frame spaced from the central pivot mount for adjusting the movement of the mirror along a second axis lying in the plane of the planar surface of the mirror frame and perpendicular to the first axis. 7 figures. 35080 US 5,399,231/A/ 1995-03-21 PAN: US patent application 8-137,411 McCarthy, A.M. University of California W-7405-ENG-48 42 ENGINEERING NOT INCLUDED IN OTHER CATEGORIES bUniv. of California, Oakland, CA (United States) A method is disclosed for fabricating single-crystal silicon microelectronic components on a silicon substrate and transferring same to a glass substrate. This is achieved by utilizing conventional silicon processing techniques for fabricating components of electronic circuits and devices on bulk silicon, wherein a bulk silicon surface is prepared with epitaxial layers prior to the conventional processing. The silicon substrate is bonded to a glass substrate and the bulk silicon is removed leaving the components intact on the glass substrate surface. Subsequent standard processing completes the device and circuit manufacturing. This invention is useful in applications requiring a transparent or insulating substrate, particularly for display manufacturing. Other applications include sensors, actuators, optoelectronics, radiation hard electronics, and high temperature electronics. 7 figures. 46286 US 5,414,588/A/ 1995-05-09 PAN: US patent application 8-122,940 Barbee, T.W. Jr.; Johnson, G.W.; O`Brien, D.W. University of California W-7405-ENG-48 25 ENERGY STORAGE Univ. of California, Oakland, CA (United States) A high performance capacitor is fabricated from nano-structure multilayer materials, such as by controlled, reactive sputtering, and having very high energy-density, high specific energy and high voltage breakdown. The multilayer capacitors, for example, may be fabricated in a ``notepad`` configuration composed of 200-300 alternating layers of conductive and dielectric materials so as to have a thickness of 1 mm, width of 200 mm, and length of 300 mm, with terminals at each end of the layers suitable for brazing, thereby guaranteeing low contact resistance and high durability. The notepad capacitors may be stacked in single or multiple rows (series-parallel banks) to increase the voltage and energy density. 5 figs. 46289 US 5,413,771/A/ 1995-05-09 PAN: US patent application 7-955,771 Ziebarth, M.S.; Hager, M.J.; Beeckman, J.W.; Plecha, S. MK-Ferguson Co AC22-89PC88889 01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT;54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES W. R. Grace and Co.-Conn., New York, NY (United States) An alumina sorbent capable of adsorbing NOx and SOx from waste gases and being regenerated by heating above 600 C is made by incorporating an alumina stabilizing agent into the sorbent. A preferred method is to add the stabilizer when the alumina is precipitated. The precipitated powder is formed subsequently into a slurry, milled and dripped to form the stabilized spheroidal alumina particles. These particles are impregnated with an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal to form the stabilized sorbent. Alumina stabilizers include one or more of silica, lanthana, other rare earths, titania, zirconia and alkaline earths. 3 figs. 46290 US 5,413,227/A/ 1995-05-09 PAN: US patent application 7-956,667 Diebold, J.P.; Scahill, J.W. Midwest Research Institute; National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO USDOE AC02-83CH10093 09 BIOMASS FUELS Midwest Research Inst., Kansas City, MO (United States) An improved vortex reactor system is described for affecting fast pyrolysis of biomass and Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) feed materials comprising: a vortex reactor having its axis vertically disposed in relation to a jet of a horizontally disposed steam ejector that impels feed materials from a feeder and solids from a recycle loop along with a motive gas into a top part of said reactor. 12 figs. 46292 US 5,412,180/A/ 1995-05-02 PAN: US patent application 8-160,263 Coombs, A.W. III University of California W-7405-ENG-48 42 ENGINEERING NOT INCLUDED IN OTHER CATEGORIES Univ. of California, Oakland, CA (United States) A heating and rotating specimen stage provides for simultaneous specimen heating and rotating. The stage is ideally suited for operation in ultrahigh vacuum (1{times}10{sup {minus}9} torr or less), but is useful at atmosphere and in pressurized systems as well. A specimen is placed on a specimen holder that is attached to a heater that, in turn, is attached to a top housing. The top housing is rotated relative to a bottom housing and electrically connected thereto by electrically conductive brushes. This stage is made of materials that are compatible with UHV, able to withstand high temperatures, possess low outgassing rates, are gall and seize resistant, and are able to carry substantial electrical loading without overheating. 5 figs. 46293 US 5,412,144/A/ 1995-05-02 PAN: US patent application 8-180,405 Stupp, S.I.; Son, S.; Lin, H.C. University of Illinois FG02-91ER45439 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL (United States) The present invention is directed to organic materials that have the ability to double or triple the frequency of light that is directed through the materials. Particularly, the present invention is directed to the compound 4-[4-(2R)-2-cyano-7-(4{prime}-pentyloxy-4-biphenylcarbonyloxy)phenylheptylidenephenylcarbonyloxy]benzaldehyde, which can double the frequency of light that is directed through the compound. The invention is also directed to the compound (12-hydroxy-5,7-dodecadiynyl)-4{prime}-[(4{prime}-pentyloxy-4-biphenyl)carbonyloxy]-4-biphenylcarboxylate, and its polymeric form. The polymeric form can triple the frequency of light directed through it. 4 figs. 46294 US 5,412,126/A/ 1995-05-02 PAN: US patent application 8-031,166 King, C.J.; Poole, L.J. University of California AC03-76SF00098 40 CHEMISTRY Univ. of California, Oakland, CA (United States) Carboxylic acids are sorbed from aqueous feedstocks into an organic liquid phase or onto a solid adsorbent. The acids are freed from the sorbent phase by treating it with aqueous alkylamine thus forming an alkylammonium carboxylate which is dewatered and decomposed to the desired carboxylic acid and the alkylamine. 10 figs. 46295 US 5,411,928/A/ 1995-05-02 PAN: US patent application 8-070,740 Heung, L.K.; Wicks, G.G.; Enz, G.L. Westinghouse Savannah River Co AC09-89SR18035 08 HYDROGEN FUEL Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (United States) A hydrogen absorbing composition is described. The composition comprises a porous glass matrix, made by a sol-gel process, having a hydrogen-absorbing material dispersed throughout the matrix. A sol, made from tetraethyl orthosilicate, is mixed with a hydrogen-absorbing material and solidified to form a porous glass matrix with the hydrogen-absorbing material dispersed uniformly throughout the matrix. The glass matrix has pores large enough to allow gases having hydrogen to pass through the matrix, yet small enough to hold the particles dispersed within the matrix so that the hydrogen-absorbing particles are not released during repeated hydrogen absorption/desorption cycles. 46296 US 5,411,722/A/ 1995-05-02 PAN: US patent application 8-141,753 McLean, W. II; Miller, P.E.; Horton, J.A. University of California W-7405-ENG-48 45 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, WEAPONRY, AND NATIONAL DEFENSE ;05 NUCLEAR FUELS Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (United States) The invention is a specialized reaction cell for converting uranium metal to uranium oxide. In a preferred form, the reaction cell comprises a reaction chamber with increasing diameter along its length (e.g. a cylindrical chamber having a diameter of about 2 inches in a lower portion and having a diameter of from about 4 to about 12 inches in an upper portion). Such dimensions are important to achieve the necessary conversion while at the same time affording criticality control and transportability of the cell and product. The reaction chamber further comprises an upper port and a lower port, the lower port allowing for the entry of reactant gases into the reaction chamber, the upper port allowing for the exit of gases from the reaction chamber. A diffuser plate is attached to the lower port of the reaction chamber and serves to shape the flow of gas into the reaction chamber. The reaction cell further comprises means for introducing gases into the reaction chamber and a heating means capable of heating the contents of the reaction chamber. The present invention also relates to a method for converting uranium metal to uranium oxide in the reaction cell of the present invention. The invention is useful for down-blending highly enriched uranium metal by the simultaneous conversion of highly enriched uranium metal and natural or depleted uranium metal to uranium oxide within the reaction cell. 4 figs. 46298 US 5,411,149/A/ 1995-05-02 PAN: US patent application 7-928,790 Chaiko, D.J.; Mensah-Biney, R. University of Chicago W-31109-ENG-38 40 CHEMISTRY ARCH Development Corp., Argonne, IL (United States) A process for aqueous biphasic extraction of metallic oxides and the like from substances containing silica. Control of media pH enables efficient and effective partition of mixture components. The inventive method may be employed to remove excess silica from kaolin clay. 2 figs. 46299 US 5,409,822/A/ 1995-04-25 PAN: US patent application 8-084,832 Scott, C.D.; Marasco, J.A. Lockheed Martin Energy Syst Inc AC05-84OR21400 09 BIOMASS FUELS Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc., Oak Ridge, TN (United States) A fluidized bed reactor system utilizes a fluid phase, a retained fluidized primary particulate phase, and a migratory second particulate phase. The primary particulate phase is a particle such as a gel bead containing an immobilized biocatalyst. The secondary particulate phase, continuously introduced and removed in either cocurrent or countercurrent mode, acts in a secondary role such as a sorbent to continuously remove a product or by-product constituent from the fluid phase. Introduction and removal of the sorbent phase is accomplished through the use of feed screw mechanisms and multivane slurry valves. 3 figs. 46300 US 5,409,683/A/ 1995-04-25 PAN: US patent application 8-272,432 Tillotson, T.M.; Poco, J.F.; Hrubesh, L.W.; Thomas, I.M. University of California W-7405-ENG-48 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE ;40 CHEMISTRY Univ. of California, Oakland, CA (United States) A two-step hydrolysis-condensation method was developed to form metal oxide aerogels of any density, including densities of less than 0.003g/cm{sup 3} and greater than 0.27g/cm{sup 3}. High purity metal alkoxide is reacted with water, alcohol solvent, and an additive to form a partially condensed metal intermediate. All solvent and reaction-generated alcohol is removed, and the intermediate is diluted with a nonalcoholic solvent. The intermediate can be stored for future use to make aerogels of any density. The aerogels are formed by reacting the intermediate with water, nonalcoholic solvent, and a catalyst, and extracting the nonalcoholic solvent directly. The resulting monolithic aerogels are hydrophobic and stable under atmospheric conditions, and exhibit good optical transparency, high clarity, and homogeneity. The aerogels have high thermal insulation capacity, high porosity, mechanical strength and stability, and require shorter gelation times than aerogels formed by conventional methods. 8 figs. 46302 US 5,413,596/A/ 1995-05-09 PAN: US patent application 8-158,290 Kronberg, J.W. Westinghouse Savannah River Co AC09-89SR18035 55 BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, BASIC STUDIES Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (United States) A device is described for stimulating bone tissue by applying a low level alternating current signal directly to the patient`s skin. A crystal oscillator, a binary divider chain and digital logic gates are used to generate the desired waveforms that reproduce the natural electrical characteristics found in bone tissue needed for stimulating bone growth and treating osteoporosis. The device, powered by a battery, contains a switch allowing selection of the correct waveform for bone growth stimulation or osteoporosis treatment so that, when attached to the skin of the patient using standard skin contact electrodes, the correct signal is communicated to the underlying bone structures. 5 figs. 46303 US 5,407,799/A/ 1995-04-18 PAN: US patent application 8-135,317 Studier, F.W. Associated Universities Inc AC02-76CH00016 55 BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, BASIC STUDIES Associated Universities, Inc., Washington, DC (United States) Random and directed priming methods for determining nucleotide sequences by enzymatic sequencing techniques, using libraries of primers of lengths 8, 9 or 10 bases, are disclosed. These methods permit direct sequencing of nucleic acids as large as 45,000 base pairs or larger without the necessity for subcloning. Individual primers are used repeatedly to prime sequence reactions in many different nucleic acid molecules. Libraries containing as few as 10,000 octamers, 14,200 nonamers, or 44,000 decamers would have the capacity to determine the sequence of almost any cosmid DNA. Random priming with a fixed set of primers from a smaller library can also be used to initiate the sequencing of individual nucleic acid molecules, with the sequence being completed by directed priming with primers from the library. In contrast to random cloning techniques, a combined random and directed priming strategy is far more efficient. 2 figs. 46304 US 5,406,853/A/ 1995-04-18 PAN: US patent application 8-082,064 Lintilhac, P.M.; Vesecky, T.B. Liveco Inc AC02-86ER80373 55 BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, BASIC STUDIES John Chatillon and Sons, Inc., Greensboro, NC (United States) Apparatus and methods are disclosed facilitating the application of forces and measurement of dimensions of a test subject. In one arrangement the test subject is coupled to a forcing frame and controlled forces applied thereto by a series of guideways and sliders. The sliders, which contact the test subject are in force transmitting relation to a forcing frame. Tension, compression and bending forces can be applied to the test subject. Force applied to the test subject is measured and controlled. A dimensional characteristic of the test subject, such as growth, is measured by a linear variable differential transformer. The growth measurement data can be used to control the force applied. Substantially uniaxial stretching is achieved by placing the test subject on an elastic membrane stretched by an arrangement of members securing the elastic member to the forcing frame. 8 figs. 46305 US 5,414,510/A/ 1995-05-09 PAN: US patent application 8-194,032 Schultz, T.J.; Kotidis, P.A.; Woodroffe, J.A.; Rostler, P.S. Surface Combustion Inc FC07-89ID12830 32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION ;42 ENGINEERING NOT INCLUDED IN OTHER CATEGORIES Textron Defense Systems, Division of Avco Corporation, Wilmington, MA (United States) A system for non-destructively measuring an object and controlling industrial processes in response to the measurement is disclosed in which an impulse laser generates a plurality of sound waves over timed increments in an object. A polarizing interferometer is used to measure surface movement of the object caused by the sound waves and sensed by phase shifts in the signal beam. A photon multiplier senses the phase shift and develops an electrical signal. A signal conditioning arrangement modifies the electrical signals to generate an average signal correlated to the sound waves which in turn is correlated to a physical or metallurgical property of the object, such as temperature, which property may then be used to control the process. External, random vibrations of the workpiece are utilized to develop discernible signals which can be sensed in the interferometer by only one photon multiplier. In addition the interferometer includes an arrangement for optimizing its sensitivity so that movement attributed to various waves can be detected in opaque objects. The interferometer also includes a mechanism for sensing objects with rough surfaces which produce speckle light patterns. Finally the interferometer per se, with the addition of a second photon multiplier is capable of accurately recording beam length distance differences with only one reading. 38 figs. 46306 US 5,414,509/A/ 1995-05-09 PAN: US patent application 8-027,878 Veligdan, J.T. Associated Universities Inc AC02-76CH00016 44 INSTRUMENTATION, INCLUDING NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE DETECTORS Associated Universities, Inc., Washington, DC (United States) An apparatus and method are disclosed for rapidly and accurately determining the pressure of a fluid medium in either a static or dynamic state. The pressure is determined by making a measurement of the velocity of a light beam that is directed through the fluid medium along a pathway that enables an integrated pressure measurement to be made along the pathway, rather than making such a measurement only at a single point in the medium. A HeNe laser is configured to emit a beam of two frequencies separated by about 2 MHz. One of these beam frequencies is directed through the fluid medium and is reflected back through the medium to a non-linear diode detector. The other beam frequency is passed directly to a diode detector without traversing said medium. The diode detector is operated to determine the frequency shift or beat frequency between the two beam frequencies. Any variation in the frequency of said reflected beam that is caused by a change in its velocity as it is passed through the fluid medium causes a change in the beat frequency. This beat frequency change is then converted to an output signal value corresponding to the pressure of the medium. The measurement instrument apparatus is remotely positioned relative to the medium being measured, thus the apparatus is immune from electro-magnetic interference and can operate in conditions of high radiation, corrosion and extraordinarily high temperature. 4 figs. 46307 US 5,414,276/A/ 1995-05-09 PAN: US patent application 8-137,402 McCarthy, A.M. University of California W-7405-ENG-48 42 ENGINEERING NOT INCLUDED IN OTHER CATEGORIES Univ. of California, Oakland, CA (United States) A method is disclosed for fabricating transistors using single-crystal silicon devices on glass. This method overcomes the potential damage that may be caused to the device during high voltage bonding and employs a metal layer which may be incorporated as part of the transistor. This is accomplished such that when the bonding of the silicon wafer or substrate to the glass substrate is performed, the voltage and current pass through areas where transistors will not be fabricated. After removal of the silicon substrate, further metal may be deposited to form electrical contact or add functionality to the devices. By this method both single and gate-all-around devices may be formed. 13 figs. 46308 US 5,413,973/A/ 1995-05-09 PAN: US patent application 8-190,940 Jantzen, C.M. E I Dupont De Nemours & Co Inc AC09-76SR00001 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (United States) A process for age-hardening alumina-rich magnesium aluminum spinel to obtain the desired combination of characteristics of hardness, clarity, flexural strength and toughness comprises selection of the time-temperature pair for isothermal heating followed by quenching. The time-temperature pair is selected from the region wherein the precipitate groups have the characteristics sought. The single crystal spinel is isothermally heated and will, if heated long enough pass from its single phase through two pre-precipitates and two metastable precipitates to a stable secondary phase precipitate within the spinel matrix. Quenching is done slowly at first to avoid thermal shock, then rapidly. 12 figs. 46309 US 5,413,876/A/ 1995-05-09 PAN: US patent application 7-970,757 Santella, M.L.; Goodwin, G.M. Lockheed Martin Energy Syst Inc AC05-84OR21400 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc., Oak Ridge, TN (United States) Weldable nickel aluminide alloys which are essentially free, if not entirely free, of weld hot cracking are provided by employing zirconium concentrations in these alloys of greater than 2.6 wt. % or sufficient to provide a substantial presence of Ni--Zr eutectic phase in the weld so as to prevent weld hot cracking. Weld filler metals formed from these so modified nickel aluminide alloys provide for crack-free welds in previously known nickel aluminide alloys. 5 figs. 46310 US 5,413,821/A/ 1995-05-09 PAN: US patent application 8-273,978 Ellis, T.W.; Lograsso, T.A.; Eshelman, M.A. Iowa State University W-7405-ENG-82 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE Iowa State Univ. Research Foundation, Inc., Ames, IA (United States) A method of applying a Cr-bearing layer to a substrate, comprises introducing an organometallic compound, in vapor or solid powder form entrained in a carrier gas to a plasma of an inductively coupled plasma torch or device to thermally decompose the organometallic compound and contacting the plasma and the substrate to be coated so as to deposit the Cr-bearing layer on the substrate. A metallic Cr, Cr alloy or Cr compound such as chromium oxide, nitride and carbide can be provided on the substrate. Typically, the organometallic compound is introduced to an inductively coupled plasma torch that is disposed in ambient air so to thermally decompose the organometallic compound in the plasma. The plasma is directed at the substrate to deposit the Cr-bearing layer or coating on the substrate. 7 figs. 46311 US 5,413,812/A/ 1995-05-09 PAN: US patent application 8-221,568 Simpson, R.L.; Pruneda, C.O. University of California W-7405-ENG-48 45 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, WEAPONRY, AND NATIONAL DEFENSE Univ. of California, Oakland, CA (United States) A simulator is disclosed which is chemically equivalent to an explosive, but is not detonable. The simulator has particular use in the training of explosives detecting dogs and calibrating sensitive analytical instruments. The explosive simulants may be fabricated by different techniques, a first involves the use of standard slurry coatings to produce a material with a very high binder to explosive ratio without masking the explosive vapor, and the second involves coating inert beads with thin layers of explosive molecules. 5 figs.