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Title: Apparatus and method to control atmospheric water vapor composition and concentration during dynamic cooling of biological tissues in conjunction with laser irradiations

Abstract

Cryogen spray cooling of skin surface with millisecond cryogen spurts is an effective method for establishing a controlled temperature distribution in tissue and protecting the epidermis from nonspecific thermal injury during laser mediated dermatological procedures. Control of humidity level, spraying distance and cryogen boiling point is material to the resulting surface temperature. Decreasing the ambient humidity level results in less ice formation on the skin surface without altering the surface temperature during the cryogen spurt. For a particular delivery nozzle, increasing the spraying distance to 85 millimeters lowers the surface temperature. The methodology comprises establishing a controlled humidity level in the theater of operation of the irradiation site of the biological tissues before and/or during the cryogenic spray cooling of the biological tissue. At cold temperatures calibration was achieved by mounting a thermistor on a thermoelectric cooler. The thermal electric cooler was cooled from from 20.degree. C. to about -20.degree. C. while measuring its infrared emission.

Inventors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4]
  1. Laguna Niguel, CA
  2. Houston, TX
  3. Irvine, CA
  4. Austin, TX
Issue Date:
Research Org.:
Univ. of California (United States)
OSTI Identifier:
872724
Patent Number(s):
5997530
Assignee:
Regents of University of California (Oakland, CA)
Patent Classifications (CPCs):
A - HUMAN NECESSITIES A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE A61B - DIAGNOSIS
DOE Contract Number:  
FG03-91ER61227
Resource Type:
Patent
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
apparatus; method; control; atmospheric; water; vapor; composition; concentration; dynamic; cooling; biological; tissues; conjunction; laser; irradiations; cryogen; spray; surface; millisecond; spurts; effective; establishing; controlled; temperature; distribution; tissue; protecting; epidermis; nonspecific; thermal; injury; mediated; dermatological; procedures; humidity; level; spraying; distance; boiling; material; resulting; decreasing; ambient; results; ice; formation; altering; spurt; particular; delivery; nozzle; increasing; 85; millimeters; lowers; methodology; comprises; theater; operation; irradiation; site; cryogenic; cold; temperatures; calibration; achieved; mounting; thermistor; thermoelectric; cooler; electric; cooled; 20; degree; -20; measuring; infrared; emission; spray cooling; laser irradiation; controlled temperature; infrared emission; water vapor; thermal electric; surface temperature; temperature distribution; biological tissue; cold temperature; effective method; laser media; comprises establishing; ice formation; /606/607/

Citation Formats

Nelson, J Stuart, Anvari, Bahman, Tanenbaum, B Samuel, and Milner, Thomas E. Apparatus and method to control atmospheric water vapor composition and concentration during dynamic cooling of biological tissues in conjunction with laser irradiations. United States: N. p., 1999. Web.
Nelson, J Stuart, Anvari, Bahman, Tanenbaum, B Samuel, & Milner, Thomas E. Apparatus and method to control atmospheric water vapor composition and concentration during dynamic cooling of biological tissues in conjunction with laser irradiations. United States.
Nelson, J Stuart, Anvari, Bahman, Tanenbaum, B Samuel, and Milner, Thomas E. Fri . "Apparatus and method to control atmospheric water vapor composition and concentration during dynamic cooling of biological tissues in conjunction with laser irradiations". United States. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/872724.
@article{osti_872724,
title = {Apparatus and method to control atmospheric water vapor composition and concentration during dynamic cooling of biological tissues in conjunction with laser irradiations},
author = {Nelson, J Stuart and Anvari, Bahman and Tanenbaum, B Samuel and Milner, Thomas E},
abstractNote = {Cryogen spray cooling of skin surface with millisecond cryogen spurts is an effective method for establishing a controlled temperature distribution in tissue and protecting the epidermis from nonspecific thermal injury during laser mediated dermatological procedures. Control of humidity level, spraying distance and cryogen boiling point is material to the resulting surface temperature. Decreasing the ambient humidity level results in less ice formation on the skin surface without altering the surface temperature during the cryogen spurt. For a particular delivery nozzle, increasing the spraying distance to 85 millimeters lowers the surface temperature. The methodology comprises establishing a controlled humidity level in the theater of operation of the irradiation site of the biological tissues before and/or during the cryogenic spray cooling of the biological tissue. At cold temperatures calibration was achieved by mounting a thermistor on a thermoelectric cooler. The thermal electric cooler was cooled from from 20.degree. C. to about -20.degree. C. while measuring its infrared emission.},
doi = {},
journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1999},
month = {Fri Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1999}
}