Refractory electrodes for joule heating and methods of using same
Abstract
A certain group of electrically conductive refractory materials presently known for use in high temperature applications as throat constructions, melter sidewalls, forehearth, stacks, port sills, hot face lining for slagging coal gasifiers, slag runners, and linings for nuclear waste encapsulation furnaces may be used as electrodes permitting joule heating at temperatures in excess of 1200 C. in excess of about 4400 hours even in the presence of transition group element(s). More specifically, the invention is an electrode for melting earthen materials, wherein the electrode is made from an electrically conductive refractory material, specifically at least one metal oxide wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of chrome, ruthenium, rhodium, tin and combinations thereof.
- Inventors:
-
- West Richland, WA
- Richland, WA
- Kennewick, WA
- Issue Date:
- Research Org.:
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 871536
- Patent Number(s):
- 5749932
- Assignee:
- Battelle Memorial Institute (Richland, WA)
- Patent Classifications (CPCs):
-
C - CHEMISTRY C03 - GLASS C03B - MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
H - ELECTRICITY H05 - ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR H05B - ELECTRIC HEATING
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC06-76RL01830
- Resource Type:
- Patent
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- refractory; electrodes; joule; heating; methods; electrically; conductive; materials; presently; temperature; applications; throat; constructions; melter; sidewalls; forehearth; stacks; sills; hot; lining; slagging; coal; gasifiers; slag; runners; linings; nuclear; waste; encapsulation; furnaces; permitting; temperatures; excess; 1200; 4400; hours; presence; transition; element; specifically; electrode; melting; earthen; material; metal; oxide; selected; consisting; chrome; ruthenium; rhodium; combinations; refractory materials; conductive refractory; temperature applications; coal gasifier; refractory material; metal oxide; electrically conductive; nuclear waste; earthen material; coal gas; joule heating; temperature application; /65/373/501/588/
Citation Formats
Lamar, David A, Chapman, Chris C, and Elliott, Michael L. Refractory electrodes for joule heating and methods of using same. United States: N. p., 1998.
Web.
Lamar, David A, Chapman, Chris C, & Elliott, Michael L. Refractory electrodes for joule heating and methods of using same. United States.
Lamar, David A, Chapman, Chris C, and Elliott, Michael L. Thu .
"Refractory electrodes for joule heating and methods of using same". United States. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/871536.
@article{osti_871536,
title = {Refractory electrodes for joule heating and methods of using same},
author = {Lamar, David A and Chapman, Chris C and Elliott, Michael L},
abstractNote = {A certain group of electrically conductive refractory materials presently known for use in high temperature applications as throat constructions, melter sidewalls, forehearth, stacks, port sills, hot face lining for slagging coal gasifiers, slag runners, and linings for nuclear waste encapsulation furnaces may be used as electrodes permitting joule heating at temperatures in excess of 1200 C. in excess of about 4400 hours even in the presence of transition group element(s). More specifically, the invention is an electrode for melting earthen materials, wherein the electrode is made from an electrically conductive refractory material, specifically at least one metal oxide wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of chrome, ruthenium, rhodium, tin and combinations thereof.},
doi = {},
journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1998},
month = {Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1998}
}