Chemical and optical studies of electrochromic hydrated nickel oxide films and devices
- Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (United States). Applied Science Div.
Over the last few years, hydrated NiO or NiOH has gained interest as an electrochromic material. First it shows a transparent to bronze coloration which is suitable for a number of architectural, vehicle and aerospace glazing applications. This material is stable in an alkaline environment and colors and bleaches at potentials below 1.0V and below the oxygen and hydrogen evolution potentials. In this work the author discusses films made chiefly by anodic electrodeposition. The properties of films made by other deposition processes will be discussed. Much of the electrochemical knowledge about hydrated NiO comes from studies of metallic Ni electrodes used in batteries. The study of hydrated NiO-based electrochromic devices is just emerging, and so far very few devices have been reported. Some of the work by this group on Ni-based devices is outlined. There are several challenges related to electrochromic hydrated NiO. First, the electrochromic reaction for hydrated NiO should be resolved. Only very simplified reactions have been reported. The significant coloration ions should be verified. So far, there is experimental evidence that the proton is responsible for coloration. However there is further evidence that hydroxyl ions is important in the hydroxide to oxyhydroxide reaction. There still remains the question whether other ions such as Li in an aprotic environment will color NiO effectively and reversibly. Overall, the amorphous and crystalline structure of the different types of electrochromic hydrated NiO need to be better characterized. The surface morphology and porosity should also be studied because of their strong influence on coloration intensity and switching rate. A summary of the current state-of-the-art is presented here. 59 refs., 28 figs., 1 tab.
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC03-76SF00098
- OSTI ID:
- 86095
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-8809123-; ISBN 0-8194-0069-6; TRN: IM9534%%167
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: International congress on optical science and engineering, Hamburg (Germany), 13-23 Sep 1988; Other Information: PBD: 1990; Related Information: Is Part Of Large-area chromogenics: Materials and devices for transmittance control. Volume IS 4; Lampert, C.M. [ed.] [Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (United States)]; Granqvist, C.G. [ed.] [Chalmers Univ. of Technology and Univ. of Gothenburg, Gothenburg (Sweden)]; PB: 618 p.
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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