Diffusion-related differences in elimination of inert gases from the lung
Partial pressures of intravenously infused acetylene, Freon 22, and isoflurane (gases with similar solubilities in blood but differing molecular weights) were compared in arterial and mixed venous blood and mixed expired gas of 13 anesthetized mongrel dogs to determine whether gas molecular weight influenced gas exchange. Analysis of covariance was used to account for the variables of ventilation-perfusion ratio, partition coefficient, and experimental run before individual gas effects were sought. A gas effect difference was observed such that the arterial fractional retention of isoflurane (mol wt 184.5) would be 12% higher than that of acetylene (mol wt 26) if the two gases had identical partition coefficients. This effect was neither significantly increased by positive end-expiratory pressure nor decreased by high-frequency oscillatory ventilation. To test whether the individual gas effect was greater with gases with disparate erythrocyte and plasma partition coefficients, the exchange of ethyl iodide (erythrocyte-to-plasma solubility ratio 8.1) and diethyl ether (solubility ratio 0.95) was compared in five dogs. A larger difference between the elimination of the two gases was observed than predicted from the differences in molecular weight. The observed individual gas effect appears to be diffusion related, influenced both by the molecular weight of a gas and its erythrocyte-plasma partition coefficient ratio.
- Research Organization:
- Univ. of Washington, Seattle
- OSTI ID:
- 7187059
- Journal Information:
- J. Appl. Physiol.; (United States), Vol. 3
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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ACETYLENE
LUNG CLEARANCE
FREONS
ARTERIES
BLOOD
DIFFUSION
DOGS
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
PARTIAL PRESSURE
SOLUBILITY
VEINS
ALKYNES
ANIMALS
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BLOOD VESSELS
BODY
BODY FLUIDS
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
CLEARANCE
EXCRETION
HALOGENATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS
HYDROCARBONS
MAMMALS
MATERIALS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
VERTEBRATES
560300* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology