Serum lipid levels in neighboring communities with chlorinated and nonchlorinated drinking water
The Wisconsin Heart Health Research Program was designed to ascertain levels of serum lipids and other clinical parameters among residents of a total of forty-six neighboring small communities in central Wisconsin. The purpose of the study was to determine whether distribution of serum lipids, blood pressure or thyroid hormones differed according to the chlorination of the water supply, or to the calcium and magnesium content (hardness) of the drinking water supply. This report examines the relationship of chlorination and water calcium to estimated community mean serum lipid levels. The estimated community means are adjusted for potential confounders, including age, education level, alcohol intake, smoking, dietary fat and dietary calcium. Serum cholesterol levels proved to be significantly higher in chlorinated communities for females. Levels of serum cholesterol were also higher in chlorinated communities for males, but differences were considerably smaller and not statistically significant. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were also higher in chlorinated communities for females (p = .06). Levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were higher in hard water communities than in soft water communities, although the p-value for the hardness term did not quite reach significance at p < .05 in either model. The regression of community mean HDL levels on both drinking water calcium and magnesium levels was positive, indicating increasing mean HDL levels with increasing calcium and/or magnesium content in the drinking water.
- Research Organization:
- Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC05-84OR21400
- OSTI ID:
- 7066811
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-870524-4; ON: DE88011830
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: 6. conference on water chlorination: environmental impact and health effects, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, 3 May 1987; Other Information: Portions are illegible in microfiche products
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
CHLORINE
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
DRINKING WATER
CHLORINATION
BLOOD PRESSURE
CALCIUM
CHOLESTEROL
MAGNESIUM
PUBLIC HEALTH
THYROID HORMONES
WISCONSIN
ALKALINE EARTH METALS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
ELEMENTS
FEDERAL REGION V
HALOGENATION
HALOGENS
HORMONES
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
METALS
NONMETALS
NORTH AMERICA
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PEPTIDE HORMONES
STEROIDS
STEROLS
USA
WATER
560300* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology