Conventional weapons demilitarization: A health and environmental effects data-base assessment
To support studies of the health and environmental risks of such by-products, this report presents assessments of data available on parameters that affect the risks posed by explosives and their principal co-contaminants. Specifically, data-base assessments cover factors that influence the transport and fate of the contaminants in environmental media (e.g., soils, water, etc.) and subsequently, human exposures via different pathways (e.g., inhalation, ingestion, and skin absorption). Information on dose-response relationships for various toxic effects in humans and laboratory animals is evaluated so that acceptable daily intakes for noncarcinogenic substances and virtually safe dose rates for carcinogenic substances can be defined. Toxic effects on plant and aquatic species are also addressed. The explosives and co-contaminants considered include TNT (co-contaminants: 2,4-dinitrotoluene; 2,6-dinitrotoluene, 1,3-dinitrobenzene, 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene, and 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene); RDX (co-contaminant: HMX); tetryl (co-contaminant: picric acid); PETN; and ammonium picrate (co-contaminant: picric acid). 358 refs., 12 figs., 92 tabs.
- Research Organization:
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA (USA)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOD
- DOE Contract Number:
- W-7405-ENG-48
- OSTI ID:
- 6907613
- Report Number(s):
- UCRL-21109; ON: DE90009440
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
CHEMICAL EXPLOSIONS
ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT
HEALTH HAZARDS
HUMIC ACIDS
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PETN
PICRIC ACID
TETRYL
TNT
AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS
BIODEGRADATION
CARCINOGENS
COMBUSTION PRODUCTS
CONTAMINATION
DATA BASE MANAGEMENT
DECOMPOSITION
DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS
ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE PATHWAY
HUMAN POPULATIONS
HYDROLYSIS
PHOTOLYSIS
PLANTS
PROPELLANTS
SOILS
TOXICITY
WATER
AMINES
AROMATICS
CHEMICAL EXPLOSIVES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
ECOSYSTEMS
ESTERS
EXPLOSIONS
EXPLOSIVES
HAZARDS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
LYSIS
MANAGEMENT
MASS TRANSFER
NITRATES
NITRIC ACID ESTERS
NITRO COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHENOLS
PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS
POPULATIONS
SOLVOLYSIS
450100* - Military Technology
Weaponry
& National Defense- Chemical Explosions & Explosives
560300 - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
540220 - Environment
Terrestrial- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (1990-)
540320 - Environment
Aquatic- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (1990-)
550700 - Microbiology