Use of promoters to enhance hydrodenitrogenation and hydrodeoxygenation catalysis
As the supply of cheap petroleum products diminishes, we will be increasingly dependent upon alternate feedstocks such as coal. Coal, and liquids produced from coal, are highly aromatic and contain much higher levels of heteroatoms such as nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen than do petroleum based materials. These heteroatoms must be removed before the liquids can be upgraded into useful products. However, the current catalytic processes used to remove nitrogen and oxygen consume excessive amounts of hydrogen due to concurrent hydrogenation of aromatics. Most catalysts have been optimized for petroleum products and little work has been undertaken for the catalytic upgrading of coal based liquids. Catalysts that could economically promote cleavage of the heteroatom bonds while minimizing the hydrogenation reactions would greatly aid in making synthetic fuels a more attractive energy source. We have modeled C-N bond cleavage by examining homogeneous catalysis of the amine transalkylation reaction. The best catalysts for this reaction are ruthenium and osmium, while the metals used in conventional hydrotreating catalysis, nickel, cobalt, and molybdenum, are essentially inactive. From a study of bulk metal HDN studies we have found that ruthenium is one of the most reactive metals for C-N bond cleavage, although susceptible to sulfur poisoning However, by using this metal as a promoter with common hydrotreating catalysts such as NiMo, CoMo, and NiW, we have been able to prepare sulfur tolerant catalysts that exhibit high HDN activity, while at the same time undergoing minimal hydrogenation reactions. In this work we have compared several of these promoted catalysts for HDN and HDO reactivities as a function of composition, method of formation, and support.
- Research Organization:
- SRI International, Menlo Park, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE; USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC22-87PC79936; FG22-83PC60781; FG22-85PC80906
- OSTI ID:
- 6798308
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-891001-13; ON: DE93012937
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: 1989 international conference on coal science, Tokyo (Japan), 23-27 Oct 1989
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Enhanced catalysts for hydrodenitrogenation of coal liquids
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Related Subjects
COAL LIQUIDS
DENITRIFICATION
HYDROGENATION
CATALYSTS
CHEMICAL BONDS
CLEAVAGE
COAL LIQUEFACTION
OXYGEN
PROMOTERS
REMOVAL
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE
ELEMENTS
FLUIDS
LIQUEFACTION
LIQUIDS
MICROSTRUCTURE
NONMETALS
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
010405* - Coal
Lignite
& Peat- Hydrogenation & Liquefaction