Comparative in vitro cytotoxicity of nickel oxides and nickel-copper oxides to rat, mouse, and dog pulmonary alveolar macrophages
Metal oxides containing either Ni alone (NiO's) or both Ni and Cu (Ni-CuO's) are encountered during Ni refining. Six NiO compounds calcined at temperatures ranging from < 650 to 1045/sup 0/ and four Ni-CuO's containing from 6.9 to 28% Cu and 44 to 69% Ni were screened for their in vitro cytotoxicity to alveolar macrophages (AM). NiO's were less toxic to rat AM than were the Ni-CuO compounds. The toxicity of the Ni-CuO compounds increased with increasing Cu content and decreasing Ni content of the molecules, indicating that the toxicity was due to the Cu content of the molecules. AM obtained from beagle dogs, F344/N rats, and B6C3F/sub 1/ mice displayed the following species sensitivities: dog > rat approx. = mouse, with dog AM being most sensitive. The observed differences in species sensitivities correlated with differences in the phagocytic abilities of dog, rat, and mouse AM, with the ranking of phagocytic abilities of the AM in decreasing order of ability being dog > rat > mouse.
- Research Organization:
- Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC04-76EV01013
- OSTI ID:
- 6698282
- Journal Information:
- J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; (United States), Vol. 24:3
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
COPPER OXIDES
TOXICITY
MACROPHAGES
SENSITIVITY
NICKEL OXIDES
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
DOGS
LUNGS
MICE
RATS
ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMALS
BODY
CHALCOGENIDES
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
COPPER COMPOUNDS
MAMMALS
NICKEL COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHAGOCYTES
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RODENTS
SOMATIC CELLS
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
VERTEBRATES
560300* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology