Acute respiratory failure induced by bleomycin and hyperoxia

Thesis/Dissertation · Tue Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1985

OSTI ID:6646967

Goad, M E.P.

Bleomycin, a chemotherapeutic agent, and oxygen at concentrations greater than 20%, induce acute pulmonary damage separately and when administered together. The interaction of 5 U/kg intratracheal bleomycin and 24 hours of exposure to 80% oxygen in hamsters produces delayed onset acute respiratory distress syndrome three days after treatment. As little as 12 hours of 80% O/sub 2/ exposure, after intratracheal bleomycin, induces severe pulmonary damage. Lung lesions are characterized as diffuse alveolar damage. Significantly pulmonary edema, measured by iodine-125-bovine serum albumin and technetium-99m-diethylenetriaminepentaacetate, occurs 72 hours after treatment. Lesions progress from focal mild alveolar interstitial and air-space macrophage and granulocyte infiltrates at 24 hours to marked infiltrates and severe interstitial and air space edema with hemorrhages and hyaline membranes at 96 hours. Significant changes measured by electron microscopy morphometry are increases in volume fractions of neutrophils, alveolar tissue and mononuclear leukocytes. Surfactant assay of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid shows a marked decrease in the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio at 72 hours. Proposed mechanisms of bleomycin and hyperoxia synergism include enhanced production of superoxide radicals either directly or indirectly by increasing neutrophil activity or numbers, or by alteration of cell mediators. The pulmonary edema, without evidence of severe morphological changes, may be secondary to alterations of transalveolar transport mechanisms.

• Research Organization: Tennessee Univ., Knoxville (USA)
• OSTI ID: 6646967
• Resource Relation: Other Information: Thesis (Ph. D.)
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
BLEOMYCIN
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
LUNGS
EDEMA
OXYGEN
SUPEROXIDE RADICALS
CHEMOTHERAPY
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
HAMSTERS
IODINE 125
LABELLED COMPOUNDS
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
TECHNETIUM 99
TRACER TECHNIQUES
ANIMALS
ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS
ANTIBIOTICS
ANTIMITOTIC DRUGS
ANTINEOPLASTIC DRUGS
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BODY
DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
DRUGS
ELECTRON CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES
ELEMENTS
HOURS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI
IODINE ISOTOPES
ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES
ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
ISOTOPES
MAMMALS
MICROSCOPY
NONMETALS
NUCLEI
ODD-EVEN NUCLEI
ORGANS
PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES
RADICALS
RADIOISOTOPES
RODENTS
SYMPTOMS
TECHNETIUM ISOTOPES
THERAPY
VERTEBRATES
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
551001* - Physiological Systems- Tracer Techniques