The role of mitochondria in chromium carcinogenesis

Miscellaneous · Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1987

OSTI ID:6646254

Rossi, S C ^[1]

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1. Dartmouth Coll., Hanover, NH (USA)

The uptake and reduction of chromium(VI) compounds are crucial to their carcinogenicity. Many cellular systems have been shown to reduce chromium(VI). The ability of mitochondria to reduce chromate in vitro was investigated using rat liver submitochondrial particles (SMPs), which contain the electron transport chain, and isolated rat liver mitochondria. SMPs with NADH as substrate reduced chromate as shown by EPR and UV-VIS spectroscopic studies. Chromate was reduced to a chromium(V) species, which was detectable by EPR. SMPs with succinate as substrate were less effective in reducing chromate relative to NADH-driven chromate-reductase activity. SMPs show a higher rate of oxygen depletion with NADH as substrate as compared to succinate as substrate. In SMPs with NADH as substrate, rotenone, antimycin and cyanide all produced a {approx}40% inhibition of chromate-reductase activity. In SMPs with succinate as substrate, cyanide and antimycin produced {approx}50% inhibition of chromate-reductase activity and rotenone caused no detectable inhibition. In vivo studies of rats injected with sodium dichromate spiked with {sup 51}Cr showed that after 24 hr, chromium was bound preferentially to mitochondrial DNA relative to nuclear DNA by a factor of {approximately}1500.

• Research Organization: Dartmouth Coll., Hanover, NH (USA)
• OSTI ID: 6646254
• Resource Relation: Other Information: Thesis (Ph. D.)
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
CHROMIUM
CARCINOGENESIS
METABOLISM
MITOCHONDRIA
BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS
OXIDOREDUCTASES
ENZYME ACTIVITY
CHROMIUM 51
ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE
ELECTRON TRANSFER
ENZYME INHIBITORS
IN VITRO
LIVER
METABOLIC ACTIVATION
NADH2
RATS
TRACER TECHNIQUES
ULTRAVIOLET SPECTRA
ANIMALS
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BODY
CELL CONSTITUENTS
CHROMIUM ISOTOPES
COENZYMES
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
ELECTRON CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES
ELEMENTS
ENZYMES
EVEN-ODD NUCLEI
FUNCTIONS
GLANDS
INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI
ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
ISOTOPES
MAGNETIC RESONANCE
MAMMALS
METALS
NUCLEI
NUCLEOTIDES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANOIDS
ORGANS
PATHOGENESIS
RADIOISOTOPES
RESONANCE
RODENTS
SPECTRA
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
VERTEBRATES
560300* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
550501 - Metabolism- Tracer Techniques