Ion chromatography with low-capacity resins and low-conductivity eluents

Technical Report · Tue Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1980

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/6607786· OSTI ID:6607786

Gjerde, D T

Strong-base anion exchangers with capacities ranging from 0.04 to 1.46 mequiv./g and from 0.0016 to 0.024 mequiv./g are prepared from Amberlite XAD resins. Distribution ratios of common inorganic and organic anions decrease with decreasing resin capacity, but selectivity coefficients are essentially constant for most of the anions studied. The effect of resin capacity on the distribution ratios for some of the metals that form anionic chloro complexes is also studied. The low-capacity resins are shown to be useful for practical chromatographic separations of mixtures containing palladium(II), platinum(IV), gold(III), bismuth(III) and mercury(II). A new and simple system of anion chromatography is described for the separation and determination of inorganic and organic anions. The anions are separated on a column containing a macroporous anion-exchange resin of a low capacity (0.0007 to 0.07 mequiv./g). Only a dilute solution of an aromatic organic acid salt is needed as the eluent. The eluent conductance is sufficiently low so that a suppressor column is not needed and the separated anions can be detected with a simple conductance detector. Numerous examples of actual separations are shown. In some cases, concentrations of anions below 1 ppM could be detected. Equations are developed to help separate difficult mixtures of anions. A system of cation chromatography is described in which metal and ammonium ions are separated on a cation-exchange column of low capacity and are detected with a conductivity detector. No suppressor column is needed. A nitric acid eluent is used to separate mixtures of alkali metal and ammonium ions, and an eluent containing an ethylenediammonium salt is used for the separation of alkaline earth metal ions. The new method is used to determine sodium, potassium, ammonium, magnesium and calcium in drinking water.

• Research Organization: Ames Lab., Ames, IA (United States)
• DOE Contract Number: W-7405-ENG-82
• OSTI ID: 6607786
• Report Number(s): IS-T-916
• Resource Relation: Other Information: Thesis
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

37 INORGANIC
ORGANIC
PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS
ION EXCHANGE CHROMATOGRAPHY
BISMUTH
BROMINE
CADMIUM
CALCIUM
CHLORINE
CHROMATES
CHROMIUM
COPPER
FLUORINE
GOLD
IODINE
IRON
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
NITRATES
NITRITES
PALLADIUM
PERCHLORATES
PHTHALATES
PLATINUM
POTASSIUM
SODIUM
SULFATES
THIOCYANATES
THIOSULFATES
TIN
ANIONS
CATIONS
DESIGN
DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS
EQUIPMENT
QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
RESINS
ALKALI METALS
ALKALINE EARTH METALS
CARBONIC ACID DERIVATIVES
CARBOXYLIC ACID SALTS
CHARGED PARTICLES
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
CHROMATOGRAPHY
CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS
ELEMENTS
FUNCTIONS
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
HALOGENS
IONS
METALS
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NONMETALS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC POLYMERS
ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PETROCHEMICALS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
PLATINUM METALS
POLYMERS
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
400105* - Separation Procedures