Global warming impact on the cement and aggregates industries
- Cordi-Geopolymere SA, Saint-Quentin (France). Geopolymer Inst.
CO[sub 2] related energy taxes are focusing essentially on fuel consumption, not on actual CO[sub 2] emission measured at the chimneys. Ordinary Portland cement, used in the aggregates and industries, results from the calcination of limestone and silica. The production of 1 ton of cement directly generates 0.55 tons of chemical-CO[sub 2] and requires the combustion of carbon-fuel to yield an additional 0.40 tons of CO[sub 2]. The 1987 1 billion metric tons world production of cement accounted for 1 billion metric tons of CO[sub 2], i.e., 5% of the 1987 world CO[sub 2] emission. A world-wide freeze of CO[sub 2] emission at the 1990 level as recommended by international institutions, is incompatible with the extremely high cement development needs of less industrialized countries. Present cement production growth ranges from 5% to 16% and suggests that in 25 years from now, world cement CO[sub 2] emissions could equal 3,500 million tons. Eco-taxes when applied would have a spectacular impact on traditional Portland cement based aggregates industries. Taxation based only on fuel consumption would lead to a cement price increase of 20%, whereas taxation based on actual CO[sub 2] emission would multiply cement price by 1.5 to 2. A 25--30% minor reduction of CO[sub 2] emissions may be achieved through the blending of Portland cement with replacement materials such as coal-fly ash and iron blast furnace slag.
- OSTI ID:
- 6593603
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-940422-; CODEN: WRRVE5
- Journal Information:
- World Resource Review; (United States), Vol. 6:2; Conference: 5. global warming science and policy international conference and expo, San Francisco, CA (United States), 4-7 Apr 1994; ISSN 1042-8011
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
CARBON DIOXIDE
POLLUTION SOURCES
CEMENT INDUSTRY
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
GREENHOUSE EFFECT
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON OXIDES
CHALCOGENIDES
CLIMATIC CHANGE
CONTROL
INDUSTRY
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
POLLUTION CONTROL
540120* - Environment
Atmospheric- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (1990-)