Fixation and volatilization by soils of selenium from trimethylselenonium

Journal Article · · Agron. J.; (United States)

OSTI ID:6502077

Olson, O E; Cary, E E; Allaway, W H

Selenium, an essential element for animals, is now being added to some livestock diets. The trimethylselenonium ion (TMSe/sup +/) is an important urinary metabolite of dietary Se. Selenium spillage onto soils is related to its natural cycling and seems important in creating Se excesses or correcting Se deficiencies in soils. Volatilization and fixation of Se from TMSe/sup +/ was studies using four soils: a Typic Quartzipsamment, an Aeric Fragiaquept, a Typic Hapludult, and a Glossoboric Hapludalf. For volatilization studied, soils treated with TMSe/sup +/ or TM/sup 75/Se/sup +/ were placed in a closed system maintained at room temperature and equipped for aeration and collection of volatile Se or/sup 75/Se. Volatilization occurred with all soils, but the rates varied widely. Treating the acid Aeric Fragiaquept with CaCO/sub 3/ increased Se volatilization. Treatment with toluene or autoclaving of the aeric Fragiaquept or the Glossoboric Hapludalf almost completely prevented the volatilization. A nitrogen atmosphere retarded the volatilization in all but the Aeric Fragiaquept soil. In one experiment, the volatilization and fixation of Se added to soils as Na, /sup 75/SeO/sub 4/, Na/sub 2//sup 75/SeO/sub 3/, or TM/sup 75/Se/sup +/ were studied. Volatilization was measured by /sup 75/Se loss and was observed only when the TM/sup 75/Se/sup +/ was added, being appreciable only with the Typic Hapludult and Glossoboric Hapludalf soils. Fixation was determined by measuring the /sup 75/Se not extracted with 0.1 M CaCl/sub 2/ or with water, and was greatest for the /sup 75/Se from Na/sub 2//sup 75/SeO/sub 3/. Fixation of /sup 75/Se from TM/sup 75/Se/sup +/ occurrred in all soils during a 21-day period to an extent of about 30 to 50% of that added. The date suggest that Se from urinary TMSe/sup +/ spilled onto soils would generally be soon lost to the atmosphere or fixed and thus become unavailable to plants.

• Research Organization: South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, Brookings
• OSTI ID: 6502077
• Journal Information: Agron. J.; (United States), Vol. 68:6
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
SELENIUM
BIOLOGICAL AVAILABILITY
SOIL CHEMISTRY
SOILS
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
CALCIUM CARBONATES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERES
DOMESTIC ANIMALS
EVAPORATION
INGESTION
LABELLING
MEASURING METHODS
NITROGEN
NUTRIENTS
NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY
PLANTS
RESPONSE MODIFYING FACTORS
SELENIUM 75
SELENIUM COMPOUNDS
TOLUENE
TRACER TECHNIQUES
URINE
ALKALINE EARTH METAL COMPOUNDS
ALKYLATED AROMATICS
AROMATICS
ATMOSPHERES
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BIOLOGICAL WASTES
BODY FLUIDS
CALCIUM COMPOUNDS
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBONATES
CHEMISTRY
DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
ELECTRON CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES
ELEMENTS
EVEN-ODD NUCLEI
HYDROCARBONS
INTAKE
INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI
ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
ISOTOPES
MATERIALS
NONMETALS
NUCLEI
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS
RADIOISOTOPES
SELENIUM ISOTOPES
SEMIMETALS
WASTES
510200* - Environment
Terrestrial- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (-1989)
560305 - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology- Vertebrates- (-1987)