Methodologies for the separation of chemical classes from coal liquefaction materials
Methods have been developed for the separation of the following chemical classes from complex coal liquefaction matrices by alumina column chromatography: aliphatic hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), nitrogen-containing polycyclic aromatic compounds (NPAC), and hydroxy-substituted PAH. Fractional distillation prior to column chromatography has been used as an additional means of reducing the chemical complexity of coal liquefaction materials. When the above fractions were tested for biological response in microbial mutagenicity and initiation/promotion mouse skin tumorigenicity assays, it was found that the majority of the mutagenicity was associated with the NPAC fractions. These two biologically active fractions were, therefore, further subfractionated. The NPAC fractions were separated into secondary amine (carbazoles), primary aromatic amine (amino-substituted PAH), tertiary amine (aza arene), and cyano-substituted PAH subfractions by column chromatography. The majority of the microbial mutagenicity was isolated in the amino-substituted PAH subfraction. The PAH (and hydroxy-PAH) fraction was subfractionated by molecular weight using reverse-phase high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The majority of the tumorigenicity of the PAH fractions was not completely concentrated into any one HPLC subfraction. As coal liquefaction processes have evolved, the products have become more highly alkylated and hydrogenated. The hydroaromatic species in the coal liquefaction materials have been separated from the PAH species by picric-acid-coated alumina column chromatography. The hydroaromatic species were found to exhibit little to no mutagenic or tumorigenic response. 21 refs., 8 figs.
- Research Organization:
- Pacific Northwest Labs., Richland, WA (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC06-76RL01830
- OSTI ID:
- 6461872
- Report Number(s):
- PNL-SA-13284; CONF-8510225-5; ON: DE86004877
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: Hanford life sciences symposium, Richland, WA, USA, 21 Oct 1985
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
COAL LIQUIDS
FRACTIONATION
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC AMINES
LIQUID COLUMN CHROMATOGRAPHY
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
CARCINOGEN SCREENING
GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
MASS SPECTROSCOPY
AZAARENES
DISTILLATES
DISTILLATION
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
EXXON LIQUEFACTION PROCESS
GEL PERMEATION CHROMATOGRAPHY
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
MUTAGEN SCREENING
RATS
SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM
SRC PROCESS
TSL PROCESS
AMINES
ANIMALS
AROMATICS
BACTERIA
CHROMATOGRAPHY
COAL LIQUEFACTION
DATA
FLUIDS
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDROCARBONS
INFORMATION
LIQUEFACTION
LIQUIDS
MAMMALS
MICROORGANISMS
NUMERICAL DATA
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
RODENTS
SALMONELLA
SCREENING
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SPECTROSCOPY
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
VERTEBRATES
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