In vitro and in vivo percutaneous absorption of organoleads, lead salts, and inorganic lead in guinea pig and human autopsy skin
Using diffusion tubes, the degree of penetration of tetrabutyl lead, lead napthanate, lead nuolate, lead acetate and lead oxide through guinea pig skin and human skin from autopsy was measured. Tetrabutyl lead demonstrated the greatest absorption in both the guinea pig and man. Lead nuolate, lead napthanate and lead acetate followed in descending order with the human tissue. The same leads, applied to guinea pig skin, followed a similar pattern of absorption in most cases. There were no measureable amounts of lead oxide absorbed in either species. Tetrabutyl lead, lead nuolate, lead napthanate, lead acetate and lead oxide were applied to the shaved backs of guinea pigs at 300mg/kg, under an occluded wrapping, daily, for seven days. Tissue concentrations of lead were highest when tetrabutyl lead was applied. The application of lead nuolate caused higher concentrations of lead in liver and kidney, than the corresponding applicaiton of lead napthanate. Lead acetate was poorly absorbed. No absorption was evidenced in the case of the lead oxide application. Light microscopic examination of integument, treated with tetrabutyl lead, revealed marked inflammation within the dermis. Inflammation was less marked in the integument of animals treated with lead napthanate and lead nuolate. Staining with sodium rhodizonate proved unsuccessful, but treatment of tissues exposed to lead nuolate and lead napthanate with ammonium sulfide showed evidence of lead on the stratum corneum and hair shafts. Correlation between the in vitro and in vivo data, as well as the comparison of human and guinea pig results, are discussed.
- OSTI ID:
- 6266091
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: Thesis (Ph. D.)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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