Sodium--sulfur battery development program, Phase II. Final report, June 1976--October 31, 1977

Technical Report · Sat Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1977

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/6146722· OSTI ID:6146722

Topouzian, A.

The Phase II sodium--sulfur battery development program was organized along five tasks: electric vehicle development and demonstration, load leveling, container and seal development, development of ceramic electrolyte and seal technology, and fabrication and testing. Vehicle battery studies for the CVS cycle established a 44-kW Na/S battery need for powering a 1134 kg EV equipped with manual transmission and employing regenerative braking. A conceptual design of a 5-MWh battery was developed based upon consideration of system requirements, fault isolation and monitoring, thermal and charge control factors. Static corrosion tests were used to screen potential candidates for the sulfur container material system. Extensive exploratory cell testing established the Mark I prototype cell sulfur container material system: silicate-bonded graphite coating (Tiodize CC-400)on low-crack-density chromium electroplated on E-Brite stainless steel. A pre-pilot ceramic plant was established to produce quality ceramic electrolyte tubing at a rate of 200 tubes/month. The pilot plant for producing ceramic electrolyte has been planned, designed and constructed. This facility will have the capacity ultimately to produce 150 ..beta..''-alumina tubes per day. Over 85 cells were assembled and evaluated. These cells were designed primarily to evaluate different candidate material systems for the sulfur container. The cells also provide a test bed for developing improved seal and assembly procedures, for evaluating intermediate size ceramic tubes (1.5 x 20 cm) and for characterizing electrical properties of sulfur electrodes in larger cells. Twenty individual cell test stations with automatic test controls are in operation at Ford--Dearborn. 63 figures, 25 tables.

• Research Organization: Ford Motor Co., Dearborn, MI (USA). Scientific and Research Lab.
• DOE Contract Number: EY-76-C-02-2566
• OSTI ID: 6146722
• Report Number(s): TID-28939
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
20 FOSSIL-FUELED POWER PLANTS
33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS
ELECTRIC-POWERED VEHICLES
SODIUM-SULFUR BATTERIES
OFF-PEAK ENERGY STORAGE
RESEARCH PROGRAMS
CERAMICS
CORROSION
DESIGN
ELECTROLYTES
FABRICATION
MATERIALS
PERFORMANCE TESTING
SEALS
TUBES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
ELECTRIC BATTERIES
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
ENERGY STORAGE
ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS
METAL-NONMETAL BATTERIES
STORAGE
TESTING
VEHICLES
250901* - Energy Storage- Batteries- Design & Development
250904 - Energy Storage- Batteries- Other Applications
200107 - Fossil-Fueled Power Plants- Off-Peak Energy Storage- (1980-)
330300 - Advanced Propulsion Systems- Electric-Powered Systems