100 kV thermal field emission electron beam lithography tool for high-resolution x-ray mask patterning
- IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY (United States)
High-voltage ( > 50 kV) electron beam lithography (EBL) is the preferred technique for fabrication of additive-process x-ray masks, because the high-voltage minimizes scattering in the resist and membrane, resulting in better resolution, straighter sidewalls, and reduced proximity effect. The authors have designed and built a new 100 kV column for a vector scan EBL machine for the purpose of writing high-resolution, high-precision x-ray masks in order to explore the technological and fundamental limits of x-ray lithography. The column features a 100 kV thermal field emission gun with an electrostatic condenser lens, conjugate blanking, and a liquid-cooled magnetic final lens with high-precision double magnetic deflection. The two-lens optics provides a beam diameter of 30 nm at a current of 5 nA, sufficient to expose moderately sensitive resists at pixel rates approaching the maximum deflection speed of 10 MHz. Results obtained include proximity corrected, complex patterns in thin resist with feature sizes down to 50 nm. Comparisons of proximity effects, exposure parameters, and actual resist profiles, show that 100 kV is clearly superior to 50 kV and even 75 kV for feature sizes below 0.25 [mu]m in thick (0.75 tim) resist. Excellent linewidth control has been obtained on plated gold x-ray masks with feature sizes as small as 75 nm. Problems of patterning nanometer features with aspect ratios as high as 10:1, which include forward scattering, development effects, and plating effects, are discussed. 13 refs., 7 figs.
- OSTI ID:
- 6133812
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-920575-; CODEN: JVTBD9
- Journal Information:
- Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology. B, Microelectronics Processing and Phenomena; (United States), Vol. 10:6; Conference: Symposium on electron, ion and photon beams, Orlando, FL (United States), 26-29 May 1992; ISSN 0734-211X
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
42 ENGINEERING
COATINGS
ELECTRON BEAM MACHINING
MACHINE TOOLS
PERFORMANCE TESTING
SPECIFICATIONS
FIELD EMISSION
MASKING
SURFACE FINISHING
EMISSION
MACHINING
TESTING
TOOLS
360601* - Other Materials- Preparation & Manufacture
420200 - Engineering- Facilities
Equipment
& Techniques