Health implications of increased manganese in the environment resulting from the combustion of fuel additives: a review of the literature

Journal Article · Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1984 · J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/15287398409530561· OSTI ID:6003745

Cooper, W C

Methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT) is effective in raising the octane level of gasoline and is currently used in Canada for that purpose in a maximal concentration of 18 mg Mn/l (slightly less than 0.07 g Mn/US gal). It has been estimated that if MMT were used in all US gasoline in these amounts, the median increase of Mn in ambient air would be not more than 0.05 ..mu..g Mn/m/sup 3/, with increments generally less than 0.5 ..mu..g Mn/m/sup 3/ along urban corridors. Respirable manganese in ambient air due to MMT combustion would be many orders of magnitude below the concentrations associated with occupational manganism and respiratory problems and also below those reported in isolated episodes of respiratory symptoms in communities near ferromanganese plants. Evidence was reviewed on the possibilities of: (1) increased absorption of inhaled manganese compared with ingested manganese; (2) hypersusceptibility of infants and persons of advanced age; and (3) increased absorption associated with iron deficiency. Experimental animals that inhaled the combustion products of MMT in concentrations of approximately 10, 100, and 1000 ..mu..g Mn/m/sup 3/ for 9 mo did not show toxic effects, although there was temporary elevation of tissue levels of Mn. Rhesus monkeys, susceptible to the neurologic effects of Mn, showed no symptoms after inhaling the combustion products of MMT in concentrations of 100 ..mu..g Mn/m/sup 3/ for up to 66 wk. Monkeys exposed to 5000 ..mu..g Mn/m/sup 3/ also showed no symptoms.

• OSTI ID: 6003745
• Journal Information: J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; (United States), Vol. 14:1
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ELDERLY PEOPLE
SENSITIVITY
INFANTS
MANGANESE
TOXICITY
MONKEYS
ADDITIVES
AIR POLLUTION
DATA COMPILATION
ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE PATHWAY
FOOD
GASOLINE
HEALTH HAZARDS
INGESTION
INHALATION
IRON
OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE
POLLUTION SOURCES
RESPONSE MODIFYING FACTORS
REVIEWS
RISK ASSESSMENT
AGE GROUPS
ANIMALS
CHILDREN
DATA
DOCUMENT TYPES
ELEMENTS
FUELS
HAZARDS
HUMAN POPULATIONS
INFORMATION
INTAKE
LIQUID FUELS
MAMMALS
METALS
MINORITY GROUPS
NUMERICAL DATA
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
POLLUTION
POPULATIONS
PRIMATES
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
VERTEBRATES
560306* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology- Man- (-1987)
560305 - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology- Vertebrates- (-1987)