Low Temperature Thermal Energy Storage: A State-of-the-Art Survey
The preliminary version of an analysis of activities in research, development, and demonstration of low temperature thermal energy storage (TES) technologies having applications in renewable energy systems is presented. Three major categories of thermal storage devices are considered: sensible heat; phase change materials (PCM); and reversible thermochemical reactions. Both short-term and annual thermal energy storage technologies based on prinicples of sensible heat are discussed. Storage media considered are water, earth, and rocks. Annual storage technologies include solar ponds, aquifers, and large tanks or beds of water, earth, or rocks. PCM storage devices considered employ salt hydrates and organic compounds. The sole application of reversible chemical reactions outlined is for the chemical heat pump. All program processes from basic research through commercialization efforts are investigated. Nongovernment-funded industrial programs and foreign efforts are outlined as well. Data describing low temperature TES activities are presented also as project descriptions. Projects for all these programs are grouped into seven categories: short-term sensible heat storage; annual sensible heat storage; PCM storage; heat transfer and exchange; industrial waste heat recovery and storage; reversible chemical reaction storage; and models, economic analyses, and support studies. Summary information about yearly funding and brief descriptions of project goals and accomplishments are included.
- Research Organization:
- National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC36-08GO28308
- OSTI ID:
- 5962657
- Report Number(s):
- SERI/RR-54-164
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
A review of current R D in thermal energy storage and heat exchange in solar applications
Review of current R and D in thermal energy storage and heat exchange in solar applications
Related Subjects
25 ENERGY STORAGE
HEAT STORAGE
DEMONSTRATION PROGRAMS
RESEARCH PROGRAMS
REVIEWS
TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
ANNUAL ENERGY STORAGE
AQUIFERS
COMMERCIALIZATION
HYDRATES
LATENT HEAT STORAGE
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS
ROCK BEDS
SENSIBLE HEAT STORAGE
SOLAR PONDS
THERMOCHEMICAL HEAT STORAGE
WASTE HEAT UTILIZATION
DOCUMENT TYPES
ENERGY STORAGE
MATERIALS
PONDS
SOLAR COLLECTORS
STORAGE
WASTE PRODUCT UTILIZATION
demonstration programs
research programs
reviews
technology assessment
142000* - Solar Energy- Heat Storage- (1980-)
250600 - Energy Storage- Thermal
290700 - Energy Planning & Policy- Transport & Storage
299001 - Energy Planning & Policy- Solar- (1989-)