Potentially acceptable substitutes for the chlorofluorocarbons: Properties and performance features of HFC-134a, HCFC-123, and HCFC-141b
- Allied-Signal Inc., Buffalo, NY (USA)
Potentially acceptable substitutes are known for CFC-11 and CFC-12 - the most important chlorofluorocarbons. HFC-134a could replace CFC-12 in air-conditioning and refrigeration and both HCFC-123 and HCFC-141b show promise as CFC-11 substitutes. The replacement molecules all have significantly reduced greenhouse and ozone depletion potentials compared to their fully halogenated counterparts. HCFC-123 is theoretically a less efficient blowing agent than CFC-11, but 141b is more efficient. Results from experimental foaming tests confirm these relationships and show that initial insulating values are slightly lower for 141 b and 123 than 11. Both substitutes are nonflammable liquids. Based on its physical properties, HFC-134a is an excellent replacement candidate for CFC-12. In addition, it is more thermally stable than CFC-12. A new family of HFC-134a compatible lubricant oils will be required. The estimated coefficient of performance (COP) of 134a is 96-98% that of CFC-12. Subacute toxicity tests show HFC-134a to have a low order of toxicity. HCFC-123 reveals no serious side effects at a concentration of 0.1% in subchronic tests and the inhalation toxicity of 141b is lower than that of CFC-11 based on a 6-h exposure. Chronic tests on all the new candidates will have to be completed for large-scale commercial use. Allied-Signal is conducting process development at a highly accelerated pace, and they plan to begin commercialization of substitutes within 5 years.
- OSTI ID:
- 5568606
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-880606-; CODEN: IJTHD
- Journal Information:
- International Journal of Thermophysics; (USA), Vol. 10:3; Conference: 10. symposium on thermophysical properties, Gaithersburg, MD (USA), 20-23 Jun 1988; ISSN 0195-928X
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
37 INORGANIC
ORGANIC
PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
29 ENERGY PLANNING
POLICY AND ECONOMY
CHLORINATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS
MATERIALS TESTING
FLUORINATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS
WORKING FLUIDS
MATERIAL SUBSTITUTION
AIR POLLUTION ABATEMENT
COMBUSTION PROPERTIES
COMMERCIALIZATION
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
FOAMS
OZONE LAYER
POLLUTANTS
REFRIGERANTS
STABILITY
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES
TOXICITY
COLLOIDS
DISPERSIONS
FLUIDS
HALOGENATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS
LAYERS
ORGANIC CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC FLUORINE COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
POLLUTION ABATEMENT
TESTING
500200* - Environment
Atmospheric- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (-1989)
400201 - Chemical & Physicochemical Properties
290300 - Energy Planning & Policy- Environment
Health
& Safety