Characterization of arsenic in oil shale and oil shale derivatives by X-ray absorption spectroscopy
- Schlumberger-Doll Research, Ridgefield, CT (USA)
X-ray absorption spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation is ideally suited for in situ characterization of trace elements down to the 1 ppm level. With this technique, the chemical nature of the arsenic species in oil shales and derivatives was investigated. Model compound studies revealed that the arsenic absorption edge is sensitive to the oxidation state and covalency of the arsenic environment, shifting from 11 870 eV in metal arsenides and arsenic(III) sulfides to 11 876 eV in arsenic(V) oxides. The arsenic edge of a Green River oil shale (GROS) showed two peaks, consistent with the presence of a metal arsenide or arsenic(III) sulfide as well as an As(V) species. The relative intensities of these two peaks varied in other shales, indicating primarily oxidized arsenic in Rundle Munduran Creek shale to primarily reduced arsenic in Brazilian Irati shale. Concentration of the GROS kerogen resulted in selective removal of the oxidized arsenic species. The merits and potential pitfalls of applying X-ray absorption to complex materials are discussed.
- OSTI ID:
- 5235966
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-8704303-; CODEN: ENFUE
- Journal Information:
- Energy and Fuels; (USA), Vol. 2:2; Conference: Symposium on the surface chemistry of coals, Denver, CO (USA), 5-10 Apr 1987; ISSN 0887-0624
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
37 INORGANIC
ORGANIC
PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
ARSENIC
ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY
OIL SHALES
QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
TRACE AMOUNTS
VALENCE
X RADIATION
BITUMINOUS MATERIALS
BREMSSTRAHLUNG
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
DATA
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
ELEMENTS
ENERGY SOURCES
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
INFORMATION
IONIZING RADIATIONS
MATERIALS
NUMERICAL DATA
RADIATIONS
SEMIMETALS
SPECTROSCOPY
040500* - Oil Shales & Tar Sands- Properties & Composition
400101 - Activation
Nuclear Reaction
Radiometric & Radiochemical Procedures
040402 - Oil Shales & Tar Sands- Surface Methods