Vitreous ceramic waste form for waste immobilization
- Pacific Northwest National Lab., Richland, WA (United States); and others
Vitreous ceramic waste forms are being developed to complement glass waste forms in supporting DOE`s environmental restoration efforts. The vitreous ceramics are composed of various metal oxide crystalline phases embedded in a silicate glass matrix. The vitreous ceramics are appropriate final waste forms for waste streams that contain large amounts of scrap metals and elements with low solubilities in glass, and have low-flux contents. Homogeneous glass waste forms are appropriate for wastes with sufficient fluxes and low metal contents. Therefore, utilization of both glass and vitreous ceramics waste forms will make vitrification technology applicable to the treatment of a much larger range of radioactive and mixed wastes. The controlled crystallization in vitreous ceramics resulted in formation of durable crystalline phases and durable residual glass matrix. The durable crystalline phases in vitreous ceramics included Ca{sub 3}(PO{sub 4}){sub 2}, magnetite (Fe{sup 2+}Ni,Mn)Fe{sup 3+}2O{sub 4}, hibonite Ca(Al,Fe,Zr,Cr){sub 12}O{sub 19}, baddeyelite ZrO{sub 2}, zirconolite CaZrTi,O, and corundum Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}, which are thermodynamically more stable than normal glasses and are also less soluble in water than glasses. The durable glassy matrix in vitreous ceramics is due to the enrichment of silica and alumina during the crystallization process of vitreous ceramic formation. The vitreous ceramics showed exceptional long-term chemical durability and the processability of vitreous ceramics were also demonstrated at both bench- and pilot-scale. This paper briefly describes the use of vitreous ceramics for treating sample mixed wastes with high contents of either Cr, Fe, Zr, and Al, or alkalis.
- OSTI ID:
- 518672
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-9604124-; TRN: 97:014686
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: 98. annual meeting of the American Ceramic Society, Indianapolis, IN (United States), 14-17 Apr 1996; Other Information: PBD: 1996; Related Information: Is Part Of Ceramic transactions: Environmental issues and waste management technologies in the ceramic and nuclear industries II. Volume 72; Jain, V.; Peller, D. [eds.]; PB: 539 p.
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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