Paramagnetism, superparamagnetism, and spin-glass behavior in bulk amorphous Pd{endash}Ni{endash}Fe{endash}P alloys
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Mail Stop G755, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 (United States)
We have investigated the magnetic properties of bulk amorphous Pd{sub 40}Ni{sub 40{minus}x}Fe{sub x}P{sub 20} (x=0{endash}17.5) alloys. For Pd{sub 40}Ni{sub 40}P{sub 20} (x=0), the magnetic susceptibility consists of temperature-independent and Curie{endash}Weiss-type terms. Alloys with x{ge}5 are paramagnetic at high temperatures. With decreasing temperature, the amorphous alloys become superparamagnetic. At even lower temperatures, and under a weak applied magnetic field, these alloys are spin glasses, as evidenced by static and dynamic magnetic measurements. The spin-freezing temperature increases with increasing iron content and this is attributed to the role of the Ruderman{endash}Kittel{endash}Kasuya{endash}Yosida interaction in creating the spin-glass state. The occurrence of a reentrant spin-glass behavior on cooling (superparamagnetism-to-ferromagnetism-to-spin-glass transition) is also observed for x=17.5 at a field {ge}50 Oe. An unexpected result is that the ferromagnetic state in the present bulk metallic glasses is {ital field induced}. Evidence for the field-induced ferromagnetic-like order is obtained from (a) straight regions in the susceptibility versus temperature curves measured at various fields, (b) an Arrott plot, and (c) time-independent magnetization. With increasing applied field, the spin-freezing temperature decreases and the Curie temperature increases, broadening the temperature range of the field-induced ferromagnetic-like state. The temporal decay of the thermoremanent magnetization in the amorphous alloy with x=17.5 is slower than that in typical crystalline spin glasses. The spin-freezing temperature of the amorphous alloy with x=17.5 decreases approximately logarithmically with applied field, which differs from the prediction of N{acute e}el{close_quote}s model for spin glasses. {copyright} {ital 1999 American Institute of Physics.}
- OSTI ID:
- 336609
- Journal Information:
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 85, Issue 8; Other Information: PBD: Apr 1999
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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