Antenna-coupled TES bolometers used in BICEP2, Keck Array, and Spider

Ade, P. A. R.; Aikin, R. W.; Bock, J. J.; Brevik, J. A.; Filippini, J. P.; Golwala, S. R.; Amiri, M.; Davis, G.; Halpern, M.; Barkats, D.; Benton, S. J.; Bischoff, C. A.; Buder, I.; Bonetti, J. A.; Chattopadhyay, G.; Day, P. K.; Dowell, C. D.; Bullock, E.; Duband, L.; others, and

doi:10.1088/0004-637X/812/2/176

Title: Antenna-coupled TES bolometers used in BICEP2, Keck Array, and Spider

Journal Article · Tue Oct 20 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Astrophysical Journal

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/812/2/176· OSTI ID:22887131

Ade, P. A. R. ^[1]; Aikin, R. W.; Bock, J. J.; Brevik, J. A.; Filippini, J. P.; Golwala, S. R. ^[2]; Amiri, M.; Davis, G.; Halpern, M. ^[3]; Barkats, D. ^[4]; Benton, S. J. ^[5]; Bischoff, C. A.; Buder, I. ^[6]; Bonetti, J. A.; Chattopadhyay, G.; Day, P. K.; Dowell, C. D. ^[7]; Bullock, E. ^[8]; Duband, L. ^[9]; others, and

School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 3AA (United Kingdom)
Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States)
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Canada)
Joint ALMA Observatory, ESO, Santiago (Chile)
Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON (Canada)
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street MS 42, Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States)
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA 91109 (United States)
Minnesota Institute for Astrophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 (United States)
Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA INAC-SBT, F-38000 Grenoble (France)

We have developed antenna-coupled transition-edge sensor bolometers for a wide range of cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarimetry experiments, including Bicep2, Keck Array, and the balloon borne Spider. These detectors have reached maturity and this paper reports on their design principles, overall performance, and key challenges associated with design and production. Our detector arrays repeatedly produce spectral bands with 20%–30% bandwidth at 95, 150, or 230 GHz. The integrated antenna arrays synthesize symmetric co-aligned beams with controlled side-lobe levels. Cross-polarized response on boresight is typically ∼0.5%, consistent with cross-talk in our multiplexed readout system. End-to-end optical efficiencies in our cameras are routinely 35% or higher, with per detector sensitivities of NET ∼ 300 μK{sub CMB}√s. Thanks to the scalability of this design, we have deployed 2560 detectors as 1280 matched pairs in Keck Array with a combined instantaneous sensitivity of ∼9 μK{sub CMB}√s, as measured directly from CMB maps in the 2013 season. Similar arrays have recently flown in the Spider instrument, and development of this technology is ongoing.

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OSTI ID:: 22887131

Journal Information:: Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 812, Issue 2; Other Information: Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Since 2009, the country of publication for this journal is the UK.; ISSN 0004-637X

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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SPIDER: CMB Polarimetry from the Edge of Space Gualtieri, R.; Filippini, J. P.; Ade, P. A. R. Journal of Low Temperature Physics, Vol. 193, Issue 5-6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-018-2078-x	journal	October 2018
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Bicep2. III. INSTRUMENTAL SYSTEMATICS Ade, P. A. R.; Aikin, R. W.; Barkats, D. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 814, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/814/2/110	journal	November 2015
Recent discoveries from the cosmic microwave background: a review of recent progress Staggs, Suzanne; Dunkley, Jo; Page, Lyman Reports on Progress in Physics, Vol. 81, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6633/aa94d5	journal	February 2018
Improved Constraints on Cosmology and Foregrounds from BICEP2 and Keck Array Cosmic Microwave Background Data with Inclusion of 95 GHz Band Ade, P. A. R.; Ahmed, Z.; Aikin, R. W. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 116, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.031302	journal	January 2016
BICEP Array: a multi-frequency degree-scale CMB polarimeter Hui, Howard; Ade, P. A. R.; Ahmed, Zeeshan Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy IX https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2311725	conference	July 2018
SPIDER: CMB polarimetry from the edge of space Gualtieri, R.; Filippini, J. P.; Ade, P. A. R. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1711.10596	text	January 2017
Thermal kinetic inductance detectors for ground-based millimeter-wave cosmology Steinbach, Bryan A.; Bock, James J.; Nguyen, Hien T. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1803.06413	text	January 2018
The short wavelength instrument for the polarization explorer balloon-borne experiment: Polarization modulation issues Columbro, F.; Battistelli, E. S.; Coppolecchia, A. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1904.01891	text	January 2019
On-sky performance of the SPT-3G frequency-domain multiplexed readout Bender, A. N.; Anderson, A. J.; Avva, J. S. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1907.10947	text	January 2019

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46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
79 ASTROPHYSICS
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ANTENNAS
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Title: Antenna-coupled TES bolometers used in BICEP2, Keck Array, and Spider

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