Single-mode fiber, velocity interferometry

Journal Article · Fri Apr 15 00:00:00 EDT 2011 · Review of Scientific Instruments

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3574797· OSTI ID:22062306

Krauter, K G; Jacobson, G F; Patterson, J R; Nguyen, J H; Ambrose, W P ^[1]

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1. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore California 94551 (United States)

In this paper, we describe a velocity interferometer system based entirely on single-mode fiber optics. This paper includes a description of principles used in developing the single-mode velocity interferometry system (SMV). The SMV design is based on polarization-insensitive components. Polarization adjusters are included to eliminate the effects of residual birefringence and polarization dependent losses in the interferometers. Characterization measurements and calibration methods needed for data analysis and a method of data analysis are described. Calibration is performed directly using tunable lasers. During development, we demonstrated its operation using exploding-foil bridge-wire fliers up to 200 m/s. In a final test, we demonstrated the SMV in a gas gun experiment up to 1.2 km/sec. As a basis for comparison in the gas gun experiment, we used another velocimetry technique that is also based on single-mode fiber optics: photonic Doppler velocimetry (PDV). For the gas gun experiment, we split the light returned from a single target spot and performed a direct comparison of the homodyne (SMV) and heterodyne (PDV) techniques concurrently. The two techniques had a negligible mean difference and a 1.5% standard deviation in the one-dimensional shock zone. Within one interferometer delay time after a sudden Doppler shift, a SMV unencumbered by multimode-fiber dispersion exhibits two color beats. These beats have the same period as PDV beats--this interference occurs between the ''recently'' shifted and ''formerly unshifted'' paths within the interferometer. We believe that recognizing this identity between homodyne and heterodyne beats is novel in the shock-physics field. SMV includes the conveniences of optical fiber, while removing the time resolution limitations associated with the multimode delivery fiber.

• OSTI ID: 22062306
• Journal Information: Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 82, Issue 4; Other Information: (c) 2011 American Institute of Physics; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 0034-6748
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS
GENERAL PHYSICS
BIREFRINGENCE
CALIBRATION
COLOR
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
DATA ANALYSIS
DISPERSIONS
DOPPLER EFFECT
FIBER OPTICS
INTERFERENCE
INTERFEROMETERS
INTERFEROMETRY
LASER DOPPLER ANEMOMETERS
LASERS
OPTICAL FIBERS
POLARIZATION
TIME DELAY
TIME RESOLUTION
TUNING
VISIBLE RADIATION
WIRES