CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVA EXPLOSIONS TRIGGERED BY A QUARK-HADRON PHASE TRANSITION DURING THE EARLY POST-BOUNCE PHASE
- GSI, Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerioneneforschung GmbH, Planckstrasse 1, 64291 Darmstadt (Germany)
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 (United States)
- Institut fuer Theoretische Physik, Ruprecht-Karls-Universitaet, Philosophenweg 16, 69129 Heidelberg (Germany)
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel (Switzerland)
We explore explosions of massive stars, which are triggered via the quark-hadron phase transition during the early post-bounce phase of core-collapse supernovae. We construct a quark equation of state, based on the bag model for strange quark matter. The transition between the hadronic and the quark phases is constructed applying Gibbs conditions. The resulting quark-hadron hybrid equations of state are used in core-collapse supernova simulations, based on general relativistic radiation hydrodynamics and three-flavor Boltzmann neutrino transport in spherical symmetry. The formation of a mixed phase reduces the adiabatic index, which induces the gravitational collapse of the central protoneutron star (PNS). The collapse halts in the pure quark phase, where the adiabatic index increases. A strong accretion shock forms, which propagates toward the PNS surface. Due to the density decrease of several orders of magnitude, the accretion shock turns into a dynamic shock with matter outflow. This moment defines the onset of the explosion in supernova models that allow for a quark-hadron phase transition, where otherwise no explosions could be obtained. The shock propagation across the neutrinospheres releases a burst of neutrinos. This serves as a strong observable identification for the structural reconfiguration of the stellar core. The ejected matter expands on a short timescale and remains neutron-rich. These conditions might be suitable for the production of heavy elements via the r-process. The neutron-rich material is followed by proton-rich neutrino-driven ejecta in the later cooling phase of the PNS where the {nu}p-process might occur.
- OSTI ID:
- 21560372
- Journal Information:
- Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series, Vol. 194, Issue 2; Other Information: DOI: 10.1088/0067-0049/194/2/39; ISSN 0067-0049
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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