Light cone dynamics and reverse Kibble-Zurek mechanism in two-dimensional superfluids following a quantum quench
- Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899 (United States)
- Department of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Ave., Boston, Massachusetts 02215 (United States)
We study the dynamics of the relative phase of a bilayer of two-dimensional superfluids after the two superfluids have been decoupled. We find that on short time scales the relative phase shows 'light cone'-like dynamics and creates a metastable superfluid state, which can be supercritical. We also demonstrate similar light cone dynamics for the transverse field Ising model. On longer time scales the supercritical state relaxes to a disordered state due to dynamical vortex unbinding. This scenario of dynamically suppressed vortex proliferation constitutes a reverse-Kibble-Zurek effect. We study this effect both numerically using truncated Wigner approximation and analytically within a newly suggested time dependent renormalization group approach (RG). In particular, within RG we show that there are two possible fixed points for the real-time evolution corresponding to the superfluid and normal steady states. So depending on the initial conditions and the microscopic parameters of the Hamiltonian the system undergoes a nonequilibrium phase transition of the Kosterlitz-Thouless type. The time scales for the vortex unbinding near the critical point are exponentially divergent, similar to the equilibrium case.
- OSTI ID:
- 21408466
- Journal Information:
- Physical Review. A, Vol. 81, Issue 3; Other Information: DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.81.033605; (c) 2010 The American Physical Society; ISSN 1050-2947
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
GENERAL PHYSICS
APPROXIMATIONS
EQUILIBRIUM
EVOLUTION
HAMILTONIANS
ISING MODEL
LAYERS
LIGHT CONE
PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS
PROLIFERATION
RENORMALIZATION
STEADY-STATE CONDITIONS
SUPERCRITICAL STATE
SUPERFLUIDITY
TIME DEPENDENCE
TWO-DIMENSIONAL CALCULATIONS
VORTICES
CALCULATION METHODS
CRYSTAL MODELS
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
MATHEMATICAL OPERATORS
QUANTUM OPERATORS
SPACE-TIME