Matter-wave vortices in cigar-shaped and toroidal waveguides

Journal Article · Sat Dec 15 00:00:00 EST 2007 · Physical Review. A

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PHYSREVA.76.063614· OSTI ID:21140686

Salasnich, L; Toigo, F ^[1]; Malomed, B A ^[2]

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1. CNISM and CNR-INFM, Unita di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica 'Galileo Galilei', Universita di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova (Italy)
2. Department of Physical Electronics, School of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978 (Israel)

We study vortical states in a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) filling a cigar-shaped trap. An effective one-dimensional (1D) nonpolynomial Schroedinger equation (NPSE) is derived in this setting, for the models with both repulsive and attractive interatomic interactions. Analytical formulas for the density profiles are obtained from the NPSE in the case of self-repulsion within the Thomas-Fermi approximation, and in the case of the self-attraction as exact solutions (bright solitons). A crucially important ingredient of the analysis is the comparison of these predictions with direct numerical solutions for the vortex states in the underlying 3D Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The comparison demonstrates that the NPSE provides for a very accurate approximation, in all the cases, including the prediction of the stability of the bright solitons and collapse threshold for them. In addition to the straight cigar-shaped trap, we also consider a torus-shaped configuration. In that case, we find a threshold for the transition from the axially uniform state, with the transverse intrinsic vorticity, to a symmetry-breaking pattern, due to the instability in the self-attractive BEC filling the circular trap.

• OSTI ID: 21140686
• Journal Information: Physical Review. A, Vol. 76, Issue 6; Other Information: DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.76.063614; (c) 2007 The American Physical Society; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 1050-2947
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS
GENERAL PHYSICS
APPROXIMATIONS
BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATION
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
CONFIGURATION
DENSITY
EXACT SOLUTIONS
FORECASTING
INSTABILITY
INTERACTIONS
NUMERICAL SOLUTION
ONE-DIMENSIONAL CALCULATIONS
SCHROEDINGER EQUATION
SOLITONS
STABILITY
SYMMETRY BREAKING
THOMAS-FERMI MODEL
TRAPS
VORTICES
WAVEGUIDES