Turbulence regimes in the nocturnal roughness sublayer: Interaction with deep convection and tree mortality in the Amazon

Mendonça, Anne C.S.; Dias-Júnior, Cléo Q.; Acevedo, Otávio C.; Santana, Raoni A.; Costa, Felipe D.; Negrón-Juarez, Robinson I.; Manzi, Antônio O.; Trumbore, Susan E.; Marra, Daniel Magnabosco

doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109526

Title: Turbulence regimes in the nocturnal roughness sublayer: Interaction with deep convection and tree mortality in the Amazon

Journal Article · Fri Jun 09 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109526· OSTI ID:1992474

Mendonça, Anne C.S. ^[1];

^[2]; Acevedo, Otávio C. ^[3]; Santana, Raoni A. ^[4]; Costa, Felipe D. ^[5]; Negrón-Juarez, Robinson I. ^[6]; Manzi, Antônio O. ^[7]; Trumbore, Susan E. ^[8]; Marra, Daniel Magnabosco ^[8]

Amazonian National Research Institute (INPA-CLIAMB), Manaus, AM (Brazil)
Amazonian National Research Institute (INPA-CLIAMB), Manaus, AM (Brazil); Federal Institute of Pará (IFPA), Belém, PA (Brazil)
Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK (United States)
Federal University of West Pará (UFOPA), Santarém, PA (Brazil)
Universidade Federal do Pampa, Alegrete (Brazil)
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
National Institute for Spatial Research (INPE), Cachoeira Paulista, SP (Brazil)
Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena (Germany)

We investigated the influence of seasonality and proximity to the forest canopy on nocturnal turbulence regimes in the roughness sublayer of a Central Amazon forest. Since convective systems of different scales are common in this region, we also analyzed the effect of extreme wind gusts (propagated from convective downdrafts) on the organization of the turbulence regimes, and their potential to cause the mortality of canopy trees. Our data include high-frequency winds, temperature and ozone concentration at different heights during the dry and wet seasons of 2014. In addition, we used critical wind-speed data derived from a tree-winching experiment and a modeling study conducted in the same study site. Two different turbulence regimes were identified at three heights above the canopy: a weakly stable (WS) and a very stable regime (VS). The threshold wind speeds that mark the transition between turbulence regimes were larger during the dry season and increased as a function of the height above the canopy. The turbulent fluxes of sensible heat and momentum during the WS accounted for 88% of the entire nighttime flux. Downdrafts occurred only in the WS and favored a fully coupled state of wind flow along the canopy profile. The destructive potential of winds was four times higher than on nights without downdrafts.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1992474

Journal Information:: Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 339; ISSN 0168-1923

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Turbulence regimes in the nocturnal roughness sublayer: Interaction with deep convection and tree mortality in the Amazon

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