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Title: The UPR regulator IRE1 promotes balanced organ development by restricting TOR-dependent control of cellular differentiation in Arabidopsis

Journal Article · · The Plant Journal
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.15629· OSTI ID:1980646
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2]
  1. Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States). MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory
  2. Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States). MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory; Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States). Department of Plant Biology; Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States). Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC)

Proteostasis of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is controlled by sophisticated signaling pathways that are collectively called the unfolded protein response (UPR) and are initiated by specialized ER membrane-associated sensors. The evidence that complete loss-of-function mutations of the most conserved of the UPR sensors, inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), dysregulates tissue growth and development in metazoans and plants raises the fundamental question as to how IRE1 is connected to organismal growth. To address this question, we interrogated the Arabidopsis primary root, an established model for organ development, using the tractable Arabidopsis IRE1 mutant ire1a ire1b, which has marked root development defects in the absence of exogenous stress. We demonstrate that IRE1 is required to reach maximum rates of cell elongation and root growth. We also established that in the actively growing ire1a ire1b mutant root tips the Target of Rapamycin (TOR) kinase, a widely conserved pro-growth regulator, is hyperactive, and that, unlike cell proliferation, the rate of cell differentiation is enhanced in ire1a ire1b in a TOR-dependent manner. By functionally connecting two essential growth regulators, these results underpin a novel and critical role of IRE1 in organ development and indicate that, as cells exit an undifferentiated state, IRE1 is required to monitor TOR activity to balance cell expansion and maturation during organ biogenesis.

Research Organization:
Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Chemical Sciences, Geosciences & Biosciences Division (CSGB); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Grant/Contract Number:
FG02-91ER20021; 80NSSC19K0707; T32-GM110523
OSTI ID:
1980646
Journal Information:
The Plant Journal, Vol. 109, Issue 5; ISSN 0960-7412
Publisher:
Society for Experimental BiologyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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