TiNi-Based Bi-Metallic Shape-Memory Alloy by Laser-Directed Energy Deposition

Chen, Yitao; Ortiz Rios, Cesar; McLain, Braden; Newkirk, Joseph W.; Liou, Frank

doi:10.3390/ma15113945

Title: TiNi-Based Bi-Metallic Shape-Memory Alloy by Laser-Directed Energy Deposition

Journal Article · Wed Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15113945· OSTI ID:1870737

Chen, Yitao; Ortiz Rios, Cesar; McLain, Braden;

;

In this study, laser-directed energy deposition was applied to build a Ti-rich ternary Ti–Ni–Cu shape-memory alloy onto a TiNi shape-memory alloy substrate to realize the joining of the multifunctional bi-metallic shape-memory alloy structure. The cost-effective Ti, Ni, and Cu elemental powder blend was used for raw materials. Various material characterization approaches were applied to reveal different material properties in two sections. The as-fabricated Ti–Ni–Cu alloy microstructure has the TiNi phase as the matrix with Ti₂Ni secondary precipitates. The hardness shows no high values indicating that the major phase is not hard intermetallics. A bonding strength of 569.1 MPa was obtained by tensile testing, and digital image correlation reveals the different tensile responses of the two sections. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to measure the phase-transformation temperatures. The austenite finishing temperature of higher than 80 °C was measured for the Ti–Ni–Cu alloy section. For the TiNi substrate, the austenite finishing temperature was tested to be near 47 °C at the bottom and around 22 °C at the upper substrate region, which is due to the repeated laser scanning that acts as annealing on the substrate. Finally, the multiple shape-memory effect of two shape-memory alloy sides was tested and identified.

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Research Organization:: Product Innovation and Engineering, LLC, St. James, MO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0018879; CMMI 1625736

OSTI ID:: 1870737

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1904378

Journal Information:: Materials, Journal Name: Materials Vol. 15 Journal Issue: 11; ISSN 1996-1944

Publisher:: MDPI AGCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Switzerland

Language:: English

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Title: TiNi-Based Bi-Metallic Shape-Memory Alloy by Laser-Directed Energy Deposition

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