Southern Ocean Cloud Properties Derived From CAPRICORN and MARCUS Data

Mace, Gerald G.; Protat, Alain; Humphries, Ruhi S.; Alexander, Simon P.; McRobert, Ian M.; Ward, Jason; Selleck, Paul; Keywood, Melita; McFarquhar, Greg M.

doi:10.1029/2020jd033368

Title: Southern Ocean Cloud Properties Derived From CAPRICORN and MARCUS Data

Journal Article · Tue Feb 23 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2020jd033368· OSTI ID:1852743

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Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States). Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences
Australian Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne, VIC (Australia); Univ. of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS (Australia). Australian Antarctic Partnership Program. Inst. for Marine and Antarctic Studies
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Aspendale, VIC (Australia); Univ. of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS (Australia). Australian Antarctic Partnership Program. Inst. for Marine and Antarctic Studies
Australian Antarctic Division, Kingston, TAS, (Australia); Univ. of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS (Australia). Australian Antarctic Partnership Program. Inst. for Marine and Antarctic Studies
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Hobart, TAS (Australia). Engineering and Technology Program
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Aspendale, VIC (Australia). Oceans and Atmosphere. Climate Science Center/Atmospheric Composition and Chemistry/Aerosols
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Aspendale, VIC (Australia)
Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK (United States). Cooperative Inst. for Mesoscale Meteorological Studies (CIMMS). School of Meteorology

AbstractThe properties of Southern Ocean (SO) liquid phase non precipitating clouds (hereafter clouds) are examined using shipborne data collected during the Measurements of Aerosols, Radiation and Clouds over the Southern Ocean and the Clouds Aerosols Precipitation Radiation and atmospheric Composition Over the SoutheRN ocean I and II campaigns that took place south of Australia during Autumn 2016 and Summer 2017–2018. Cloud properties are derived using data from W‐band radars, lidars, and microwave radiometers using an optimal estimation algorithm. The SO clouds tended to have larger liquid water paths (LWP, 115 ± 117 g m−2), smaller effective radii (re, 8.7 ± 3 μm), and higher number concentrations (Nd, 90 ± 107 cm−3) than typical values of eastern ocean basin stratocumulus. The clouds demonstrated a tendency for the LWP to increase with Nd presumably due to precipitation suppression up to Nd of approximately 100 cm−3 when mean LWP decreased with increasing Nd. Due to higher optical depth, cloud albedos were less susceptible to changes in Nd compared to subtropical stratocumulus. The highest latitude clouds of the datasets, observed along and near the Antarctic coast, presented a distinctly bimodal character. One mode had the properties of marine clouds further north. The other mode occurred in an aerosol environment characterized by high cloud condensation nuclei concentrations and elevated sulfate aerosol without obvious continental aerosol markers. These regions of higher cloud condensation nuclei tended to have higher Nd, smaller re and higher LWP suggesting sensitivity of cloud properties to seasonal biogenic aerosol production in the high latitude SO.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities (SUF)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0018995; 80NSSC19K1251

OSTI ID:: 1852743

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2007541; OSTI ID: 2323285

Journal Information:: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 126, Issue 4; ISSN 2169-897X

Publisher:: American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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